| 摘要: | 背景：過去探討壽險業務人員工作壓力的研究雖多，但分析睡眠品質是否影響其使用輔助療法之相關性的研究卻缺乏。所以，本研究目的藉由探討國內壽險業務人員工作壓力及睡眠品質，以瞭解其是否影響輔助療法之使用。 研究設計：橫斷式問卷調查。 研究對象及方法：以某人壽保險公司雲嘉區部之外勤業務人員為對象完成不記名問卷調查。問卷內容包括：基本社會人口資料、工作情形、工作壓力反應亞量表、睡眠品質量表以及使用輔助療法情形。資料分析以SPSS統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計、單因子變異數、複迴歸與單變項及多變項羅吉斯迴歸分析影響因子。 研究結果：本研究於2011年12月至2012年2月期間，完成有效樣本264份，有效問卷回收率為66.0%。問卷受訪對象中，78.6%為女性，21.4%為男性，平均年齡 ± 標準差為39.8 ± 8.7歲。工作壓力反應亞量表與睡眠品質量表平均得分分別為10.1 ± 6.6及5.6 ± 2.7。複迴歸結果顯示，未婚的業務人員有較高的工作壓力反應亞量表得分（P<0.001），31至40歲（P=0.002）及41至50歲（P=0.004）相較於其他年齡有較高的工作壓力反應亞量表得分，同居子女3人以上（P=0.008）、單位人力為21至40人（P=0.014）、單位人力少於20人（P=0.036）及假日工作時間長者（P=0.038）在工作壓力反應亞量表得分較高，但是基層主管（P=0.012）的工作壓力反應亞量表得分較低。多變項羅吉斯迴歸分析結果發現年齡在31至40歲（OR=3.13，95%CI=1.19-8.20，P=0.020）、在假日仍從事行銷拜訪3至4小時（OR=2.14，95%CI=1.11-4.15，P=0.024）的業務人員的睡眠品質較差（PSQI>5），但單位人數大於41人（OR=0.39，95%CI=0.16-0.96，P=0.041），以及基層主管（OR=0.46，95%CI=0.24-0.89，P=0.021）則有較佳的睡眠品質（PSQI≤5）。受訪者中67.8%的業務人員曾使用過至少一項輔助療法以改善工作壓力或睡眠品質。其中較常被使用的輔助療法有祈求（42.0%）、聽音樂（38.3%）以及按摩或推拿（30.7%）。以複迴歸分析結果顯示，工作壓力反應亞量表分數較高（P=0.001）、睡眠品質不好（P=0.001）、取得6張以上證照（P=0.045）、及非屬佛教或道教（含民間信仰）的宗教信仰（P=0.027），與使用輔助療法呈正相關，而新契約在5件以下（P=0.015）及有同時銷售其他產品者（P=0.018），則與使用輔助療法呈負相關。 結論：本研究結果顯示壽險業務人員工作壓力與睡眠品質確實與使用輔助療法有關。建議相關單位應在要求達到業績目標的同時，應鼓勵壽險業務人員有適當休閒及健康促進活動，以改善其工作壓力及睡眠品質的問題。
Background: Researches have been mainly focused on the job stress-related issues in life lnsurance agents, while little is known about the associated factors of sleep quality with their complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) utilizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors associated with different CAM utilizations among life lnsurance agents in Taiwan. Study design: A cross-sectional survey. Subjects and methods: The anonymous questionnaires were completed by life insurance field personnels from one insurance company in the Yunlin-Chiayi area. Socio-demographic, work status, “Job Stress Inventory (JSI)”, “Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)”, and previous choices of CAM of the participants were assessed in this study. Descriptive statistics, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), multiple regression and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associated factors using SPSS statistical software. Result: A total of 264 subjects successfully completed the surveys during December 2011 to February 2012, with a response rate of 66.0%. Among the participants, 78.6% were female and 21.4% were male. The mean±S.D. age was 39.8±8.7 years. The mean±S.D. of the JSI and global PSQI score were 10.1±6.6 and 5.6±2.7, respectively. Results from linear model analysis indicated the JSI score as higher in individuals who were unmarried (P<0.001), aged between 31 and 40 (P=0.002) and 41 and 50 (P=0.004), had more than 3 children (P=0.008), had colleagues between 21 and 40 (P=0.014) and less than 20 (P=0.036) in their departments, and had long work hours (P=0.038). However, the JSI score as lower in individuals who were magerial competency (P=0.012). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to exam the independent factors associated with sleep quality. Results showed that individuals who aged between 31 and 40 (OR= 3.13, 95% CI= 1.19-8.20, P=0.020), and required to work on public holidays at least for 3 to 4 hours (OR= 2.14, 95% CI= 1.11-4.15, P=0.024) had poor sleep quality (PSQI> 5). However, those who had more than 41 co-workers (OR= 0.39, 95% CI= 0.16-0.96, P=0.041) and were magerial competencies (OR= 0.46, 95% CI= 0.24-0.89, P=0.021) had better sleep quality (PSQI?T 5). In addition, 67.8% of the participants had used at least one kind of CAM to improve their job stress or sleep quality, which included pray ing for own health (42.0%), listening music (38.3%), and using massage (30.7%). Results from linear model analysis indicated that CAM utilization was strongly associated with those who had higher JSI score (P=0.001), had poor sleep quality (P=0.001), had more than 6 special licenses (P=0.045), and didn’t have religion of Buddhas or Tao (P=0.027). However, the CAM ultization was negatively associated with those who had less than 5 new contracts (P=0.015) as well as sold other products in the same time (P=0.018). Conclusions: These data demonstrated that CAM utilizations among life insurance agents in Taiwan could be influenced by sleep quality and health status. In conclusion, our results suggest that decision-maker of life insurance companies should encourage those personnels have appropriate leisure time and health promotion activities to reduce job stress and improve quality of sleep. |
