| 摘要: | 自然的風土和人文的涵養孕育出該地文物之風貌特色，發展出了屬於當地的構築技術及相關文化。而這些構造物由土地自發生長的過程，也具體且清楚地傳達出與土地之間的關係。 許多的石砌構造物，散佈在台灣的各個角落，是如此的唾手可得、隨處可見；但因為就地取材，自然的應運而生，為了解決日常生活所需而存在，就被視為理所當然，漠視其存在。再隨著工業化社會高度的進展，那些石頭疊砌的原有構築生產脈絡、蘊含於常民身上之營造法則、構築物之技術面與社群動勞動力之關係，如今多已斷裂難尋，更遑論去探究其技術層面的相關課題。 目前除了澎湖、馬祖這些大量以砌石構築建物的地區有較多的論述之外，關於台灣本島的砌石文化缺乏整體性的探討及研究。 本研究的主要架構分成三個部份：第一個部份係從自然地理環境及歷史分期上探討台灣石被運用在構築上的發展背景與營造資源及由岩石衍生的建築形式與文化內涵。第二個部份係從族群及人文社群文化面探討傳統的砌石營造工法為適應資源匱乏的環境條件及族群，所具備的砌石構築技能，以及為了實際生活與生產需要而普及使用就地取材施作的砌石類型，如土地利用、梯田、水圳、埤塘、駁坎、石屋、石頭信仰等。第三個部份係探討台灣傳統砌石工法的知識系統。期待能拋磚引玉，以對此具有原生特質的文化資產，架構出一個粗略的台灣砌石構築的基礎研究。
Numerous stone buildings made of local materials were scattered around Taiwan. Its existence and value were often ignored. However, while its structure and technology were imbedded deep into the culture, the tradition could not be carried on as the industrialization of the society progressed. So far, due to the fact that more masonry structures were found in Penghu, Matsu and Kinmen in Taiwan, therefore there was more relevant research done in these areas. In contrast, the masonry culture on the island of Taiwan had not been discussed widely in literature. There were three aspects to this study. Firstly, the study aimed to investigate the background, available building resources, architecture types as well as culture implications of the Taiwanese stone being used in masonry construction. Secondly, this study aimed to investigate the technology used for masonry construction from culture and social prospective. For example, in attempt to adapt to an environment and society that were deficient in resources, the society had developed masonry technology based on their daily needs and utilized available materials such as land, terraces, ponds, stone houses, split hom and stone beliefs. Thirdly, the study aimed to investigate the knowledge system of the traditional masonry construction methods. It was hoped that by addressing the cultural assets of the native theme, this research would provide a rough foundation of masonry structures on Taiwanese stone. |
