| 摘要: | 因應九年一貫課程的銜接高中職，教育部推動新課程改革，99職業學校群科課程綱要裡提到，美術課程目標是涵養並陶育學生美術的基本概念、增進學生審美的能力及生活應用的思辯能力，可看出鑑賞性課程是美術課程中必要的存在。科技改變了人類的生活，也改變了教學方式，美術鑑賞教學的教學媒體，進階到使用網際網路，形成教學媒體科技資訊化，教師使用這些資訊科技，藉此提高學生學習興趣，並提升教學成效。故宮的網站裡有豐富的教學資料，研究者試圖將故宮的網路資源內容，融入中國美術教學鑑賞教學中，藉此刺激學生學習興趣，提升學生對美術鑑賞的能力。 基於上述背景，本研究目的有三：一、深入分析故宮網路資源與資訊科技融入美術鑑賞教學理論。二、實際運用故宮網路資源設計適合高職階段的中國美術鑑賞課程。三、運用行動研究法實施教學，改進美術鑑賞課程的教材教法，以提升研究者教學專業知能。 本研究採行動研究法，以高職一年級學生為研究對象，規劃以中國美術鑑賞、學生創作、學生作品互相鑑賞為基本模式的三個單元循環教學課程，實施教學單元分別為美麗的紋飾、造形之美、線條之美，共歷時十二週。 本研究結論如下：一、生活經驗引導加上鑑賞創作鑑賞為教學策略。二、運用故宮網路資源進行中國美術鑑賞課程時面臨的困境與因應：鑑賞的圖片準備太多要減少、班級經營要加強、必須持續在課程中提供學生練習鑑賞說明的機會、文化創意概念提供學生創意思考、教學媒體工具要準備周全。三、教學策略獲得學生喜歡。四、造形懸疑、局部放大、具特效與互動的圖片影像較能吸引同學注意。五、學生對鑑賞與分享缺乏描述的能力。六、作品事先數位化對發表活動效果較好。七、作品鑑賞有評分標準對學生鑑賞同學作品有幫助。八、班上形成集體意識有助於學生作品評鑑進行。九、創作過程能培養學生彼此互助精神。十、教師對於圖片與動畫的順序安排加以注意效果更好、增加班級管理的技巧。 本研究建議如下：一、故宮應鼓勵教師使用網路資源。二、學校應在財力許可下為美術教室增添視聽設備。三、欲實施課程的教師：尋找幾位不同領域的教師搭配協同教學、故宮的3D文物展示系統與故宮e學園對美術鑑賞最有幫助、如果注重學生創作成果的精緻度要限定範圍增加創作指導時間、加強使用教學相關電腦軟體的能力。四、後續研究方面：與不同創作類別整合進行課程設計、發展整學年有系統的鑑賞教材。
In response to the connecting vocational high schools from the nine-year integrated curriculum, the Ministry of Education has started to promote the new curriculum reform. In 2010 vocational school's group curriculum syllabus, it has mentioned that the art curriculum's goal is to cultivate and educate the students in basic concepts of art, enhance the students' aesthetic abilities and the speculation abilities in lifestyle applications. We can thus see the necessary existence of appreciative course in art curriculum. Technology has changed the lives of human beings as well as teaching methods. The advancement of teaching medium from art appreciation teaching to the use of Internet has developed into an information technology of teaching medium. Teachers are able to use this information technology to enhance the students' learning interests and improve the teaching results. There is a rich source of teaching materials in the National Palace Museum website, and researchers are attempting to use the network information contents of the Museum to blend in Chinese Art Appreciation teaching to stimulate the students' learning interests and upgrade the students' art appreciation abilities. Based on the aforesaid background, the three purposes of this study are: 1. Make an in-depth analysis on the network resources of the National Palace Museum, and blend in the information technology into the theory of art appreciation teaching. 2. Make actual uses of the network resource designs of the Museum into appropriate Chinese Art Appreciation curriculum in the vocational high school stage. 3. Implement action study in teaching to improve the teaching materials of Art Appreciation curriculum, thereby upgrading the researchers' teaching professional knowledge. The action study was adopted by this study to take the first-year students of vocational high schools as the subjects. The Chinese Art Appreciation, student creations, inter-appreciation of student creations were chosen as the three cycle tutorials of basic modes to implement such teaching topics as beautiful decorations, the beauty of shapes, and the beauty of lines, respectively for a period of 12 weeks. The research conclusions are as follows: 1. Life experience guide and creation appreciation are regarded as the teaching strategies. 2. Utilize the network resources of the National Palace Museum to perform the plights and responses encountered in Chinese Art Appreciation curriculum, such as a need to reduce the excessive pictures prepared for appreciation, strengthen the classroom management, a must to continue providing students the opportunities to practice appreciation interpretation during the course, provide cultural creative concept for students to think creatively, and a need to fully prepare the teaching medium tools. 3. The students are fond of the teaching strategies. 4. The pictures and images in mystery shapes, enlarged partial parts, and feature special effects and interaction are more likely to attract the students' attention. 5. Students lack the descriptive abilities in appreciation and sharing. 6. The pre-digitizing creation treatment is able to generate better results on publication activities. 7. The creation appreciation with grading standards is able to help students in appreciating the schoolmates' creations. 8. The formation of collective consciousness in classes is able to help students to perform creation evaluation. 9. Students possess the spirit of mutual assistance. 10. The teaching outcomes will be better if teachers are able to pay more attention on pictures and animation sequence arrangement, and the class management skills will then be improved. The study has come out with the following suggestions: 1. The National Palace Museum should encourage teachers to use network resources. 2. Under financial feasibility, the schools should add audio-visual equipment in art classes. 3. For teachers who wish to implement the curriculum, they should seek coordination with several teachers specializing in different domains to assist in teaching, they should know that the 3D cultural displays and the e-academy of the Museum are able to provide optimal help in art appreciation, in order to emphasize the sophistication of students' creative results, it is necessary to limit the teaching scope and increase the creation guiding time, and strengthen the application abilities on teaching-related computer software. 4. On followed up research prospective, it is suggested to integrate the curriculum design of different creative categories, and develop the appreciation teaching materials for the entire school year systematically. |
