在營利組織的領域，盈餘管理的議題早就受到廣泛的討論；但檢驗非營利組織是否美化財務報表資料的研究並不多。非營利組織也存在盈餘管理行為，Jones & Roberts (2006) 及Krishnan, Yetman, & Yetman (2006)指出學校為爭取政府獎補助款及各方捐款，存在盈餘管理行為。 本研究主要分析國內私立大學「規模」、「預算寬鬆」與「盈餘管理」關係，以人工收集2005-2008學年度35家私立大學之財務報表進行實證分析，採用Modified Jones 模型估計裁決性應計數，並以裁決性應計數為盈餘管理代理變數（Y變數），預算寬鬆程度、年度餘絀變動程度為X變數，並加入規模為控制變數，進行複迴歸分析，探討預算寬鬆程度、年度餘絀變動程度對裁決性應計數的影響。實證結果有三：1.私立大學盈餘管理與收入低估程度呈顯著正向關係2.私立大學在未提列折舊攤銷費用年度，盈餘管理與年度餘絀變動程度有顯著性正相關。3.私立大學盈餘管理與總資產規模大小呈顯著正相關。 故本研究之實證結果支持私立大學預算寬鬆、規模為影響盈餘管理的因素，此研究結果可提供補助單位和捐款人對私立大學財務報表資料分析的參考。 Earnings management is widely discussed in the concept of profit organization, but little research was focused on this topic in nonprofits. The presence of earnings management has been in nonprofit organization. Jones & Roberts (2006) and Krishnan, Yetman, & Yetman (2006) point out that schools tend to manipulate their earnings owing to strive for the educational rewards and subsidy funds of central government and the donation. The study is tried to analyze the relationship between size, budgetary slack and earnings management on private universities in Taiwan. We collect the financial statements of 35 private universities from 2005-2008 for empirical analysis. Modified Jones Model was adopted to estimate the discretional accruals for agency variables of earnings management as dependent variable and the extent of budgetary slack as independent variable. Moreover, we consider the size as control variable, and run a multi-regression analysis to discuss the affection between the extent of budgetary slack and the discretional accruals. The results show that:1. There exists a significant positive association between the earnings management and the degree of revenue underestimation in private university.2. During the period of depreciation expense unlisted in private university, there exists a significant positive association between the earnings management and the variance of net income.3. The earnings management in private university exists significant positively with size of total assets. The empirical evidence of this study supports that budgetary slack and size would be the influence factors for earnings management. By this result, we could provide some practical suggestion for stockholders and donors to analyze reported financial results in private university.
