對心智障礙者父母而言，孩子成年後的生活安置問題，一直是其心中的牽掛。近年來由於受到西方去機構化與正常化思潮的影響，使得社區照顧模式中強調障礙者與社會融合並積極參與社區生活的主張，逐漸為國人所接受。然而西方社區照顧之倡議乃導源於對大型機構缺乏人性照顧的一種反動，這與台灣絕大多數心智障礙者皆由家庭照顧的基礎不同，因此社區照顧的在地化發展，實為必然之趨勢。本研究以中部一家生態社區家園做為研究對象，採用參與觀察法及深度訪談法，由研究者進入家園的生活場域進行田野觀察，同時對該家園的工作人員及心智障礙者家長進行訪談，以深入瞭解該家園的服務模式與照顧品質，並探究該服務對心智障礙者及其家人的影響；另外，針對社區照顧容易出現經費不足等問題，加以分析其資源取得方法與整合的過程，本研究的發現如下： 現今家園的日間照顧模式，是一個結合工作、教育與生活的在地服務，可讓同工免於離開熟悉的生活環境，降低其適應上的困難；在服務品質方面，家園所營造出的優質生活環境以及工作人員與同工們所建立起的夥伴關係，有助於同工生活品質的提升與人際關係的正常互動；就資源整合過程來看，家園在缺乏政府經費的補助之下，一方面透過家庭聯絡網的推動，成功的將協會會員連結起來，成為支持家園的力量，另方面也藉由主動與社區建立友好關係，來協助家園推展服務。同時，家園還透過正式資源的連結，如多元就業方案以及緩起訴「義務勞務」的申請，來解決人力的問題。另外，在開拓財源方面，家園除了增加媒體的曝光率來擴大募款範圍外，還成功的將其生產的蔬菜以宅配的方銷售出去，為家園帶來一筆穩定的收入。不過，家園也因為經費與人力的限制，以及缺乏專業與醫療資源的協助，使其在服務對象的選擇上必須有所排除，大大的限縮了其服務的範圍。 Influenced by the community care system in Western countries, people in Taiwan have gradually recognized the importance of disabled people's participation in local communities and their integration into society. However, unlike Western welfare states where the disability movement advocates for the quality of life in non-institutional settings, most adults with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan are looked after by their families, with limited governmental support. The community care programs in Taiwan are usually developed by non-profit organizations (NPOs) and have to face the hostile neighbors and lack of financial resources. This study analyzes the development of the Ji-ji Eco-community Home in a rural area of central Taiwan and focuses on their relations with local community and resources management. This research shows that the Ji-ji Eco-community Home provides services that combine work, education and a living for local adults with intellectual disabilities. Those services enable coworkers to stay in a familiar environment and to keep connections with their local communities. The community home has taken the initiative to build friendly relations with the local community and has turned the community members into a formal and informal support. In addition, the community home sells its homegrown vegetables and uses various official resources to achieve fiscal balance. Finally, this research suggests that to implement a community care program in Taiwan, NPOs have to establish good relations with their local communities and look for any possible resources. Local communities could provide a friendly environment for adults with intellectual disabilities and provide social and economic support for the community home.
