| 摘要: | 近年來全球暖化造成氣候極端異常，尤其98年莫拉克颱風挾帶大量豪雨，導致嘉義縣阿里山鄉、梅山鄉、竹崎鄉災情慘重。龍山國小位處於嘉義縣竹崎鄉內，毗鄰梅山斷層、九芎坑斷層、大尖山斷層、觸口斷層、木屐寮斷層，且學區境內之龍山村、文峰村目前是行政院農業委員會水土保持局發布為土石流高危險潛在危險村落。因此學區附近屢遭土石流、地震等威脅，故防災教育在學校教學上突顯重要。本研究主要在探討防災教育教學對嘉義縣龍山國小學童的教學成效，經由問卷調查學童之防災背景，瞭解龍山國小學生對防災的前置概念，設計符合該校防災教育課程後，實施防災教育，然後再進行防災教育施測及質性研究資料收集，探討防災教育對學童「防災知識」、「防災技能」、「防災態度」的教學成效，以及三者間的相關性之學習成效，以做為爾後防災教學上之參考依據。研究結果發現：1.施行防災教育對學校整體防災知識、技能各個面向均具教學成效。2.學童在防災態度均持正面積極態度。3.學童防災知識與技能之間中度相關，因此學校推行防災教育時，加強防災知識便能增強學生防災技能。4學生背景（性別、父母親教育程度、家長職業、教養狀況、家長年齡、學童交通工具、學生災害恐懼）與學生的防災知識、技能、態度得分無顯著差異。5.實施防災教育的各項活動中，學生認為觀看影片及戶外防災體驗受益最多，可作為後續研究之參考。
In recent years, causing global warming, extreme weather anomalies, particularly in 98 years, Typhoon Morakot smuggle a large number of heavy rain, resulting in Chiayi County, Alishan Township, Meishan township, Chuchi township damage was so severe Roads were broken down and people's houses were covered with mud and rocks or been flushed away, all because of landslide effect. Lungshan Primary School, locating near the border of Lungshan Village and Wenfeng Village in Jhuci Township Chiayi County, is currently being announced by the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan as one of those villages which is very likely to be endangered severely by landslide effect. Nevertheless the school is very close to Meishan, Chiuchiungkeng, Tachienshan, Chukou and Muchiliao faults, the houses or buildings around the school campus have more chances to be attacked at any time when landslides and earthquakes occur. Therefore it reveals the fact that the precautious education against nature disaster is extremely important. The purpose of this research is mainly to discuss the outcomes from educating primary students of Lungshan Primary School Chiayi County on precaution against nature disasters. Through questionnaire to understand students' background knowledge about disaster prevention, a precaution education course is then designed particularly for the school. After the course has run, it follows a post evaluation and data collection. Students taking this course are evaluated on their disaster prevention knowledge, skills, attitude and their correlations in order to find out how well the students have learnt from this course. All information will become the reference for the Precaution Education against nature disaster in the future. The outcomes of research have the following findings. 1. After setting T test on students, the scores obtained in disaster prevention knowledge and skills and all other aspects reveal that this research on the deployment of precaution education against nature disaster is very effective for the entire school. 2. Students show a positive attitude against nature disaster prevention. 3. Students show a medium level of understanding of disaster prevention knowledge and skills correlation. 4. Tests and the single factor variance analysis discover that student's background factors (gender, parents' education level, guardian's occupation, age, education condition, student's transportation vehicle, student's fear to disaster) and the scores gained by students on disaster prevention knowledge, skills and attitude, do not show remarkable difference. 5. Among those activities in the precaution education course, students found that they are benefited mostly from watching videos and outdoor self experience. These results can be valuable reference information for later research on this topic. |
