對於改善銀行內部管理與貫徹銀行政策來說，確認影響銀行獲利的決定因素是非常重要的。然而，先前的實證文獻中，關於跨國間銀行市場結構及機構品質好壞對於銀行獲利的影響著墨較少，尤其是缺乏比較國內外銀行獲利的優劣分析。本文採用1992到2006年間涵蓋全球70個國家中的樣本銀行，探討影響國內銀行與國外銀行在獲利差異性的決定因素，研究變數包括銀行財務相關資料、總體經濟環境、以及機構品質的差異、國家風險與監管來了解。特別是，本文更進一步驗證是否在地國與母國間的總體經濟差異與機構品質差別會影響外國銀行的獲利。實證結果指出，外國銀行顯示出比本國銀行有更高的獲利能力，而銀行在越競爭的市場則獲利相對較差。此外，國家間總體經濟的差異，也會影響外國銀行的獲利，而在機構品質上，管理效率，以及管理法規，對國內銀行有負向的影響。同時，銀行營運所在的國家開發程度，國家風險，對外商銀行有正向影響。而監管，對於外商銀行來說，扮演著非常重要且顯著的角色。因此外商銀行應該要慎選其所要營運的國家。 Identifying key factors influencing bank profitability is of importance to improve bank internal management and perform banking policies. However, previous lite-rature pays much less attention on the substantial influence of banking market structure and the quality of institution across country on bank profitability, partic-ular in domestic banks versus foreign banks. Hence, using both bank- and coun-try-level data on banking sector from 70 countries for the period 1992 to 2006, this paper empirically identifies cross-country determinants of bank profitability in do-mestic versus foreign banks with respect to bank characteristics, macroeconomics environment, the quality of institution, the country risk, bank government regula-tion and supervision across country. More specifically, this paper further investigate the joint influences of differences in macroeconomic and institution between host and home country on foreign banks. The empirical results reveal that foreign banks show better profitable than domestic banks. Banks operating in more comparative market show less profitable while the cross-country difference in Regulation and Supervision also affect foreign bank's profit. Specifically, our finding indicates that for-eign banks profitability is partially and negatively related to Inflation Rate, develop level, Regulatory Quality in home country. While both GDP growth rate, country risk, Regulatory Quality and Government Effectiveness in host country are also affect foreign bank profitability negatively. For Combined model, foreign banks in more competition market shows less profitability and for other variables shows Inconsis-tent result on empirical evidences.
