企業面臨全球化的競爭市場，生產成本最小化將會為企業取得經營優勢。單調且一成不變的大量持續性生產型態已不符合現代多樣化產品的需求，代之而起的是零工式生產(Job Shop)型態。而在本研究中，將數學模型運用在零工式生產問題上，探討接單式生產(make-to-order)的製造業者在實務生產排程規劃上所面臨的情況，針對多訂單、多交貨期、多產品類型之平行機生產排程計劃，並將製造生產的各項成本加入生產排程中進行考量，在符合顧客最後交貨期限交貨的要求下，以整體生產排程總利潤最大化為其目標，建構出一整數非線性規劃INLP之數學模型。 有關求解部分，本研究先運用Lingo9.0 extended version語法進行模式構建，並發展出累進回溯式階段排程ABSSA(Accumulation& Backtrack staged scheduling approach)，同時藉由Lingo語法使ABSSA程式化並與主體模型完整連結，並採用軟體內建之Global Solver進行其全域最佳解之搜尋。因結合所提的ABSSA法並使用Lingo9.0套裝軟體進行最佳解的搜尋，故可確保本研究的解為符合條件參數下之全域最佳解。綜言之，本研究所提的數學模式與ABSSA法，是運用Lingo軟體求解，並以電腦程式為其求解工具，因而致使本模式具有高度的重現性；企業可根據其所面臨的不同情境以參數設定的方式經由Excel工作表輸入，即可迅速取得建議解，期使求解所需耗費的效率與效能加以提升。因此本研究對平行機生產排程規劃而言，著實提供有價值的決策工具。 Facing the globalization competitive market, the minimum cost will lead an enterprise heading its business advantage. The monotonous mass production has been gone because the diversified types of products is the main stream in the modern century, that is the why the job-shop production become the majority. This study proposes an Integer Nonlinear Programming (INLP) mathematical model conforming the customers’ requests and focusing on the practical scheduling planning with parallel-machine layout of job-shop production and make-to-order production to deal with the multiple orders, the diversified delivery deadlines, the multiple types of products as well as the considerations of the manufacturing cost, the machine setup cost, the holding cost of products and the shortage cost to achieve its profit optimization. The proposed mathematical model is constructed by Lingo syntax, and the ABSSA (Accumulation & Backtrack staged scheduling approach) is then developed. In addition, the proposed ABSSA is also constructed by Lingo syntax in order to connect the main mathematical model, and the built-in global solver of Lingo packaged software is selected as the tool for assuring the achievement of the global optimum solution. Moreover, a numerical example is followed to describe the solving process and exemplified analyses. In summary, this study owns a repeated characteristic because its solving procedures are executed by computer programs. In fact, this study can be regarded as a valuable decision support tool because it can easily duplicate to solve other cases by changing its input parameters only through Microsoft Excel.
