歐洲法院組織及任務之研究

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Title:	歐洲法院組織及任務之研究
Other Titles:	An Analysis on Organization and Functions of the European court of Justice
Authors:	葉力豪 Yeh, Li-ho
Contributors:	歐洲研究所鍾志明 Chin-ming Chung
Keywords:	運作;功能;任務;歐洲共同體法;基本權;組織;歐洲法院;解釋原則 function;organization;operation;European court of justice;duty;European Community law;explanation principle;basic human right
Date:	2008
Issue Date:	2015-05-10 16:14:09 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	於1945年第二次世界大戰結束後，在歐洲無論是戰勝國或是戰敗國，均面臨到很大之困境，在內政方面民生凋敝，另在外交方面亦受到冷戰之威脅，故西歐各國就先意識到歐洲必須要進行改變，第一步即先由爭議較少之經濟面著手，創造出共同經濟發展組織。其次，自1951年巴黎條約開始至今之體系化歐洲整合運動，可說是採「平行而不對立」之方式，由各國讓渡一部分主權給歐洲共同體機構，但是歐洲共同體卻未取代各國原有政府，只在上開被授權之領域中建立所謂超國家組織之架構，即在歐洲共同體之下，形成了一個獨立之共同體法的法體系，與各成員國內國法體系及國際法體系分別存在，不互相隸屬。　　　　上述在共同法體系下形成之獨立法體系，必須具有與各成員國內國法體系及國際法體系以外之法源，更必須具有足以捍衛共同體法體系之司法制度。從而，對於職司護衛歐體法體系任務之歐洲法院，即有必要有探討其組織、運作方式、功能及任務。且在歐洲共同體條約歷次之修正過程中，歐洲法院之權限亦隨之變動與擴張，另歐洲法院本身亦藉由判決之作成，一步步充實、壯大歐洲司法權之內涵，所以本文亦探討歐洲法院與第一審法院及歐洲人權法院等其餘歐洲共同體司法權機構間之關係，並嘗試就目前之歐洲共同體法法源、特性、效力加以闡釋。最後，以數個與基本權有關之判決為例，檢視歐洲法院實務運作上是否確實踐行其自行建立或援用之解釋原則。　　After 1945, the victorious nations or the defeated nations in Europe all faced to the difficult problem, such as people were poor in the internal affairs aspect , and was threaten in cold war in the diplomatic aspect. Therefore, the countries in Western Europe realized that Europe should change. First, created the common economical development organization in economy. The second, the Paris treaty started to system the European conformity from 1951 until now. Every members transferred a part of sovereignties for European Community organization, but the European Community dose not actually substituted for the various countries' original government. In other words, only authorized to establish overhead construction of the so-called ultra national organization, namely the European Community. The European Community has formed community's law system, separately existed with various domestic law system and the international law system.　　　　To create the independent law system of the European Community must have law system and origin that is different with various members domestic law system and the international law system. It also must have the strong legal system that can protect the community law system. Because of European court of justice having the duty to protect the law system, we should discusses it’s organization, the operation, the function and the duty.　　　　In the growing process of the European Community treaty, jurisdiction of the European court of justice also changed and the expanded. European court of justice itself also became stronger by decision, and expanded the connotation of the European jurisdiction. This paper also discusses the relations between European court of justice with the first trial court and the European court of human rights. The paper also attempts to understand and to explain European Community law’s origin, the characteristics and potency. Finally, the paper picks some decisions about the basic rights as the example, to inspect whether the operation in the European court of justice truly fulfills the explanation principle that it establish independently.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in European Studies)

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