| 摘要: | lvancevich，DonnelIy，and Gibson將社會上的各種組織劃分為三大部份：第一部份為私人部門組織(private sector organization)，第二部份為公共部門組織(public sector organization)，包括中央、省，及其它地方政府機構；以及第三部門組織(third sector organization)，包括範圍很廣，從教堂、學校到博物館皆屬之，其主要使命在發展企業或政府所不能充分提供的服務。而其中的第二及第三部門組織又被合稱為非營利組織。事實上，非營利組織存在時間已頗久遠，在早期，因其規模與影響力小，並未引起太大的注意，然而，今日的非營利組織已介入公共事務較多層面，影響人民生活更鉅，無論是在社會服務、政策執行、教育文化、工商發展、醫療保健或社區發展等方面皆有其功能。 早期台灣地區的非營利組織，在政府福利政策嚴重不足的情況下，扮演著民問社會救助與福利服務的主要角色，隨著社會政治經濟的癹展，這些從事所謂「慈善事業」的組織漸趕結構化，取代零星的社會股務工作，以更積極的方式揭發並嘗試解決一些社會問題，企圖照顧弱勢族群，增強民眾的禧祉，與改善生活品質。至民國七十六年解冷戒義之後，多元社會的蓬勃發展，刺激許多人民團體的產生，其中，非營利組織由於具有其獨特的特質，巧妙地扮演著公部門與私部門之間的橋樑角色(William, Margaret and Charles 1999)。 關於非營利組織基金會的政策性角色與功能，考慮到採取量化研究方法（quantitative research）可能無法就個別組織的狀況深入瞭解，因此本研究所採取的研究方式以質化研究方法（qualitative research）為主軸，以文獻探討為基礎，廣泛蒐集相關文獻作為分析探究的根源，可針對個別的狀況作深入的瞭解，藉以獲得研究分析所需的深度資料，同時採用立意（purposive）抽樣的方式，選定特定的研究個案作為資料探討與分析的對象，並將所整理的理論與實務相互應證，了解其間的差異，藉此獲得相關資料以利研究問題之探討。
Lvancevich, DonnelIy, the and Gibson divides the line every kind of organization of the society as three most parts: Part 1 organize( private sector organization) for the private section, part 2 organize( public sector organization) for the public section, including central, province, and other local government institute; And the third section is organizational( third sector organization), including the scope very wide, all belong to it from church, school to the museum, its main mission at develop the service that the enterprise or states can't provide well. And among them the second pass the three section organizations to be again matched to call the Nonprofit organization. In fact, the non - profit organization exists time already rather long ago, in earlier period, because of its size and influences small, did not fall out too big keep watch, however, the Nonprofit organization of today has got involved the more level in public affair, affecting the people the life more huge, carry out, educate in the social service, policy no matter culture, industry and business evolution, the health care of health care or community evolution etc. all contain its function. In early days regional Nonprofit organization in Taiwan, under the policy of state welfare the severity the insufficient occasion, played the people to ask the society to help the main role that serviced with welfare, along with the exhibition of the social political economy, these worked on the organization of so-called＂ philanthropic work＂ to rushed through the structure to turn gradually, replacing the piecemeal social stock affair occupation, revealing and trying some social problems in settle in more progressive way, attempting to look after the minority ethnicity, strengthen the people's benefit , and mended quality of life. Go to the solution of Year 76 of the Republic of China cold after quitting the righteousness, diverse social booming development, stimulate many creations of people's society, among them, Nonprofit organization because of having the attribute of its uniqueness, play the bridge role of the public agent and private section skillfully.( William, Margaret and Charles 1999)As for the policy role and functions of the Nonprofit organization foundation, consider to assume the quantity turns the research system( quantitative research) probably can't thorough understand in individual organizational condition, so the method of research that this institute assume is the principal axis by the quality turn the research, inquiring into with the cultural heritage for base, collecting the source that the related cultural heritage is used as to analyze the investigation extensively, can aim at the individual condition to make the thorough understand, by with acquire the depth data that research analysis need, adopt the purpose( purposive) sample at the same time of way, make selection the specific research case to be used as the data study and analytical objects, and tidy up of theories and actual practices are mutually should certificate, understand the difference of the in the interval, acquire by this related data for the convenience of the study that study the problem. |
