宗教型非營利組織在兩岸關係中的角色與功能—以嘉義地區為例

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Title:	宗教型非營利組織在兩岸關係中的角色與功能—以嘉義地區為例
Other Titles:	he Role and Function of Religious NPO in Cross Strait Relations--The Case of Chiayi
Authors:	官朝基 Kuan, Chao-chi
Contributors:	非營利事業管理研究所王振軒 Chen-shiuen Wang
Keywords:	宗教型非營利組織;宗教交流
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2015-06-02 09:54:28 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	臺海兩岸衝突的根本原因－「一個中國原則」，北京政府從一九九三年發表的「臺灣問題與中國統一」白皮書，到最近領導人幾次的談話，雖經多次的修正，其本質卻是不變的，即從未承認中華民國在臺灣的事實，更不承認台灣是一主權獨立的國家。而實質上，在一九九四年國民黨籍的李登輝總統即已明確表示「臺灣是主權國家」，二ΟΟΟ當選的民進黨籍陳水扁總統更是大力提倡臺灣是獨立主權國家。　　　雙方的交流包含了太多多政治與經濟的目的，交流本身欠缺自主性，對臺灣而言，出現「事實走在政策之前，政策走在法律之前，民間走在政府之前」的特殊現象，導致政府公權力遭受挑戰，敵我意識模糊、心防的鬆懈，極化統獨間的對立、影響社會安定；對大陸而言，則因接觸到「臺灣經驗」動搖了對共產主義的信心，內陸與東南沿海的差距擴大，影響整個國家的基礎結構。　　　台灣的民眾一項支持社運界發起推動的各式各樣改革運動，企業界的支持也呈現穩定成長，近年臺灣的NPO組織彼此之間的聯繫與互動已持續加強，並且努力地拓展其視野，推動擴及境外的社會。進入二十一世紀，臺灣有必要藉著NPO在此潮流扮演更重要的角色，甚至讓NPO發揮兩岸交流的功能。　　　臺灣的宗教型NPO對宗教交流活動相當熱衷，除了宗教的因素外，主要還有文化上的傳統情結問題，身存於人們心中的傳統「唐山」情結也是影響臺灣民眾不斷赴大陸進行宗教朝聖活動的最大原動力。大陸官方對兩岸的宗教交流過程，除一再指示應以宗教事務獨立、學術優勢、配合政治政策為基本的交往理念，又限制臺灣宗教界在大陸的活動，其統戰企圖相當明顯，宗教交流只不過是其用以掩飾政治統戰的工具；其民間則另對宗教交流賦予相當大的經濟目的。　　　The fundamental issue of conflict between Taiwan and the Mainland China is the “One-China” principle. From Beijing’s announcement of the White Paper: “Taiwan Issue and the unification with China” in 1993, to recent comments made by Chinese leaders, even some corrections were made, the characters have never changed. The facts that Republic of China is on Taiwan and Taiwan is a sovereignty have never been diplomatically recognized. In fact, in 1994, former Taiwan President Lee Teng-Hui of KMT has already indicated, “Taiwan is a sovereignty”. In addition, the winner of the 2000 Presidential election, Chen Shui-Bian of the Democratic Progressive Party has been highly promulgating this issue.　　　In cross strait interaction, there are too many political and economical purposes , thus lack the ability of self decision-making. In Taiwan, several special phenomenons have been observed; they are “facts go before policies, policies go before laws, and the citizens go before government”. These situations have caused that government’s authority being challenged, situation awareness is blurred, the mental defense is loosened. The conflict between unification and independence have been deteriorated . 　　　Hence, social stability has been affected. For China, after the immerging of the Taiwan experience into China, people’s confidence on Communism has been weakened. The discrepancy between inland and SE coast areas have been broadened and thus affected whole nation’s infrastructure. 　　　Citizens of Taiwan usually support all kinds of reformation which called by social activity workers . Support from business has also been growing. In recent years, the mutual contacts and interactions among Taiwan NPO organizations have increased intensively and the views have been broadened internationally. In the 21 century, it is necessary that Taiwan has to rely on NPO in order to play more important role. Furthermore, NPO may function as the bridge of cross strait relations. Taiwan’s religious NPOs have been enthusiastic on the religious interchange activities. Beside religious issues, another problem is the culture difference which has been traditionally complicated. The traditional thinking of “Tang-Shan” has occupied people’s mind and is the primary motivation that affects Taiwan’s people keep going to the China for religious pilgrimage activities. For the cross strait religious interchange, Chinese government indicated that the fundamental interchange ideology should be religiously independent, academically advantageous, and politically compatible. On the other side, Beijing sets limits on Taiwanese religious activities in China. The purpose is obvious; Beijing is using the religious interchange as a tool to cover up it’s real purpose: free Taiwan. Economical benefits are the major goal for civilians to acquire from the religious interchange.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Business Administration, Master/Ph.D Program in Management Sciences] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Nonprofit Organization Management)

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