嘉義地區國民小學兒童樂隊經營生態之研究

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题名:	嘉義地區國民小學兒童樂隊經營生態之研究
作者:	林淑美 Lin, Shu-mei
貢獻者:	美學與藝術管理研究所周純一 Chun-yi Chou
关键词:	樂隊經營;兒童樂隊
日期:	2003
上传时间:	2015-06-02 10:28:15 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究採用實際訪談方式，輔以問卷調查進行研究。主要針對九十學年度曾經參加嘉義縣、市兒童樂隊比賽之部分學校，針對教育政策、實施方針及樂團籌組執行時，所面臨之師資聘用、團員遴選、訓練、樂器設備和行政資源等相關問題之研究。希望藉由本研究瞭解兒童樂隊在學校實際執行時，可能遭遇之困境、限制與需求並進一步提出問題可能解決方式之建議。　　　綜合主要研究發現，可歸納出下列結論　壹、各校施行兒童樂隊教育之實際與困境一、依照規定辦理，欠缺主動參與二、學校師資欠缺專業人才與適當的員額編制三、欠缺適當經費培植兒童樂隊和購置樂器設備四、經營兒童樂隊實施困難之所在（一）師資不足，老師專業能力不足，難以組隊加以訓練。（二）經費不足，造成樂器普遍不充足，品質不佳，難以達到預期的效果。（三）學生人數不夠或素質不佳，也會影響練習成效（四）目前教育改革聲浪中，強調多元學習，學生參與學習之項目增多，較無法專心於一種樂器的演練，影響成效。　貳、政府鼓勵各校施行兒童樂隊教育可行之道一、應知悉兒童樂隊經營成功之因素（一）指導老師需具熱誠、耐心與用心。（二）老師的專業能力若足夠，不但可以教導學生，且可以把樂曲詮釋得好。（三）行政單位若能全力支援，讓老師沒有後顧之憂，老師會更傾向全力配合與指導。（四）教師本身要喜歡音樂，因為喜歡，就會更用心去鑽研；想辦法去克服困難，也因為喜歡，所以願意無怨無悔的貢獻。二、課程改革與授課內容應做完善的規畫三、課程改革後，家長熱心協助校務，注入一股教育活水四、積極建置良好的長期或短期師資培育機構五、鼓勵老師進修，學習第二專長六、政府應重新思考建立適合的音樂教育評鑑制度。　　　基於以上結論，提出下列建議　壹、指導老師方面一、指導老師應建立正確的音樂教育觀念二、樂器不足時，應力求克服三、兒童樂隊訓練，可藉由音樂課程，空白課程和學校本位課程方式來實施四、教師應有教學相長，活到老、學到老的觀念　貳、行政人員方面一、學校行政人員應主動提供資源給指導老師二、學校行政人員應協助做好溝通協調工作三、學校除了接受上級指示參與比賽活動外，應該發展屬於自己學校特色的教學活動。四、學校對指導老師授課內容及兼任之行政業務，應做彈性調整。五、行政人員應規劃活動，讓學生有演出機會。　參、政府方面一、教育部對於國民小學兒童樂隊的實施，應做通盤檢討並訂定一套有系統、有連貫，符合現在課程綱要的內容。二、各縣市政府應建立溝通管道，讓學校需求能得到有效的回應。三、優秀團隊應給予表揚並辦理巡迴演出。四、推展「認養」樂團和音樂團隊「社區化」經營模式五、建立「一校一特色」的樂團六、建立行政人員與教師多元化學習的管道七、全國各大師院或是有相關教育學程的學校，應重視專業能力的養成教育八、政府應建立適當的評鑑制度。　　　希望本研究所歸結的研究結果，能真正反映基層教師的心聲，並開啟他們和相關行政單位溝通之道，確實為兒童音樂教育帶來另一道曙光。　　　The purpose of this study was to probe some problems, limitations and demands concerning about teacher employment, member selection, training, instrumental requirements and administrative assistance of schools participating in the children band contest at Chia-yi City and Chia-yi County during 90th academic year might face with when they implemented the educational polices, guiding principles and band organizations. This study employed interviews and questionnaire surveys to collect information and analyze data. 　　　The findings of the study are as follows: 　I.The practices and the difficulties that every school faced when implementing children band education （i）Schools held band contests according to the regulations without active participation. （ii）Schools fell short of teachers with professional competency and proper authorized staff.（iii）Schools lacked budget to train the bands and purchase the instruments. （iv）The problems that schools faced when implementing children’s band education: 1.It was hard for teachers to make up and train a team when teachers were few and with limited competency. 2.Limited budget and instruments would affect the intended goals. 3.The number and the characteristics of students would also influence the result of practice. 4.Under the idea of diversified learning, students were unable to concentrate on practicing one instrument.　II.The practical ways to carry out children’s band education（i）Schools should recognize the factors leading to the success of managing children’s band education. 1.Teachers should be enthusiastic, patient and diligent. 2.Teachers can instruct students and interpret the musical compositions on the basis of their professional competencies. 3.If administrative agencies backed up fully, teachers could be more devoted to cooperate with administrative policies and to instruct students. 4.Teachers should be fond of music; in this way, they would study more attentively, figure out some ways to overcome difficulties and devote without regret.（ii）Curriculum reform and content lessons should be planned thoroughly and perfectly.（iii）After curriculum reform, most parents enthusiastically helped with schools’ affairs.（iv）Schools should establish long-term or short-term teacher education centers.（v）Schools should encourage teachers to study advancedly and cultivate second specialty.（vi）Governments should think about establishing a proper evaluation system of music education.　　　Based on the conclusions above, the researchers presented some suggestions as follows:I.With regard to the teachers （i）Establishing correct belief in music education. （ii）Finding ways to solve teaching problems.（iii）Using music lessons, free time and school-based curricula to train the children bands. （iv）Encouraging teachers to learn with long life.　II.With regarding to the administrative （i）Providing teachers with instructional resources. （ii）Supporting good communicating and negotiating model.（iii）Developing school-based instructional activities. （iv）Rearranging teachers’ content lessons and part-time administrative affairs. （v）Planning suitable activities for students to perform what they’ve learned.　III.With regarding to the government （i）Discussing thoroughly about the implementation of children band education in elementary schools. （ii）Establishing communication medias for schools’ demands to get effective responses.（iii）Rewarding and giving opportunities of performance for excellent teams. （iv）Adopting bands and communicating good models. （v）Organizing bands based on the characteristics of the school. （vi）Establishing diversified learning opportunities for administrative staffs and teachers.（vii）Emphasizing on the professional competency cultivation education.（viii）Establishing proper music education evaluation system.
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