教育改革對我國後期中等教育的影響—分流制度中教育機會均等之探討

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Title:	教育改革對我國後期中等教育的影響—分流制度中教育機會均等之探討
Other Titles:	The Influence of Educational Reform on Senior Secondary Education in Taiwan--Discussion for the equality of educational opportunity of tracking education
Authors:	陳憶淮 Chen, I-huai
Contributors:	教育社會學研究所黃庭康 Ting-hong Wong
Keywords:	教育機會均等;教育改革;分流教育 tracking education;equality of educational opportunity;educational reform
Date:	2004
Issue Date:	2015-06-17 14:34:17 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本文旨在探討八十三年四一○教改運動當時的後期中等教育分流制度環境下教育機會不均等的現象，與教改運動提出「廣設高中大學」具體訴求後所引起的討論及政府的回應，進而檢視政策的形成與執行結果。經由官方文件的分析以及文獻的探討得到以下幾點結論：　一、在教育資源投入方面政府以「補助私立學校、鼓勵民間投資」為原則，在教育經費與師資等教育環境方面，有縮小過去公、私立學校間的差距，但是仍以私立高職最為劣勢。　二、在升學機會方面，因專科改制為大學，大幅增加了職校的升學機會，但絕大部分是私立學校。　三、在入學制度方面，現行的多元入學制度，強調理解的「帶著走的能力」對弱勢階級的競爭更顯不利；篩選過程幾乎以基本學力測驗成績為唯一標準，與過去聯考已無差別。　四、在教育結果方面，高中畢業生升大學的機會仍比高職學生升學機會大，同時由於大學文憑在求職市場並不等值，尤其以專科改制的學校最為弱勢，另外職業證照不具公信力，教育體系的規劃對高職學生仍有很多的不公平。　　　另外在研究過程中發現，政府對此次教育改革所持的理由、所採取的措施都與民國五十七年延長九年國民教育的改革雷同，而這次改革的對象就是當初九年國教擴充中等教育機會仍未改善升學壓力的狀況，如今政府仍然以同樣的模式處理，在資源分配不均的情況下擴充高等教育，於是十年來過去的問題仍不見解決。　因此提出以下幾點建議作為改革的參考：　一、建立國家長期教育研究單位　二、健全技職體系、落實證照制度　三、加速建立多元化的教育環境　四、縮短公私立學校的差距　五、私立高職採公辦民營　　This paper is to discuss the unequal situation under the tracking education of senior secondary school from the 410 educational reform in year of 1994. Meanwhile, to the discussion and the responses from government after the educational reform proposed the “Widespread establishment of high school & university” is further reviewing the construction of those policies and result of the execution. According to the analysis of official documentation and cultural heritage, I have concluded the following,　一、From the investment of educational resource side, government has a principle of “subsidized to private school and inspired to private investment”. As for the educational environment such as the budget for educational and teachers, there are less difference between public and private schools than the past yet the private Senior Vocational School is the least one.　二、From the opportunity of enrollment side, because college transforms to university, it significantly increases the opportunity of enrollment for Senior Vocational School, which is mostly from the private schools.　三、From the system of enrollment side, under current system of multiple enrollment, it emphasizes an ability of “carry-on” and is much more negative for the competition of weakness group. The selection progress is almost evaluated only based on the result of the Basic Competence Test and it is no difference with the association test from the past.　四、From the result of education side, the students graduated from high school have more opportunities than the Senior Vocational School to go to universities. Meanwhile, the diplomas from difference universities are not really equal-evaluated and the weakness are especially those from the universities transformed by colleges. Besides, certificates of professional have no trustworthiness from the public. There are still lots of unfair plans to the students from Senior Vocational School under the structure of current educational system.　　　In additional, I discover from my studies that the reasons and implementations that government arises from this educational reform are quite similar with the reform of “extension of 9 years for Compulsory Education” in 1968. However, this is for the same parties who didn’t get improved of entrance examination stress from the reform of “extension of 9 years Compulsory Education”. The government right now is still using the same pattern under the same old questions of lack of resources to extend the Higher Education and I don’t believe that the same old question from the past 10 years can be resolved.　　　Therefore, I propose the followings as a reference for the educational reform:　1. Establish national long-term education research centre　2. Integrate vocational system and implement certificate system　3. Establish speedily the multiple educational environment　4. Shorten the difference between public and private school　5. Operated by government and managed by privates for private Senior Vocational School
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Applied Sociology, The M.A. Program of Sociology] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Sociology of Education)

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