| 摘要: | 漫畫是一種圖像媒介，透過文字、畫面傳播知識，帶給讀者歡愉；漫畫是一種遊戲，橫跨古往今來的時空，在幻境中自我想像與創造；漫畫是一種虛擬，藉著多元的媒介模式呈現在真實的社會。漫畫可說是充滿圖像、符號、敘事的文本。 本研究嘗試以文化理論的符號學、敘事學等觀點，對漫畫文本中所呈現的文字、圖像、符號加以解析；其次，連結文化與漫畫之間的脈絡，對彼此之間的關係予以探討；最後，全面整合文化意涵與經營管理之理論基礎，對漫畫產業進行總體性的分析。在研究方法上，本文借用三角測定法的研究精神，以深度訪談為主，以事實資料、個人實務經驗為輔，針對國內10名資深漫畫家進行深度訪談。 在研究結果方面，本文歸納受訪者之資料，梳理分析如下： 一、文化對漫畫創作的重要性與影響 文化不僅教育了漫畫創作者，同時無論對漫畫顯現在外的圖像部分或漫畫內涵的傳達都具有影響。而文化不僅影響讀者對漫畫的解讀程度，同時也影響讀者對於漫畫題材種類的選擇。本研究的受訪者當中，有七成認為漫畫需要闡述文化意涵，有三成的受訪者認為漫畫不一定需要闡述文化意涵，而是要在相關條件下才需要。 二、日本漫畫對台灣本土漫畫的影響 日本漫畫大量引進國內，對本土漫畫家作品的題材選擇、創作風格、敘述方式都會造成相當程度的影響。作品良莠不齊，常有血腥、暴力、色情的漫畫，令社會大眾對漫畫產生不良觀感。 三、受訪者作品與文化論述之相關性 有六成受訪者的作品與中華文化較具有密切關係；有二成受訪者的作品與台灣文化較具有密切關係；有一成受訪者的作品與西洋文化較具有密切關係；有一成受訪者的作品與流行文化較具有密切關係。 四、漫畫作品叫好又叫座的成功因素 根據受訪者提出的次數來探討，一部叫好又叫座的漫畫作品成功因素以「編劇」為首要因素，其他依序為「選題」、「畫技」、「行銷」、「分鏡」、「創意」、場景設定」、「掌握時間的分配」。 此外，本研究並針對政府、漫畫業者、漫畫家、讀者，提出實務上之建議。
The comic publication is a media of graphic communication, and brings great pleasure to readers by texts and images that are carried with knowledge. Comics are play beyond time limits, so as to allow people to imagine and create their own fantasies. In a word, the comic publication is a virtual, reflecting what the real society may be like through various kinds of medium. That is to say, comics are a context full of icons, symbols, and narrations of the world. This study has adopted several cultural theories, such as semiology and narratology to discuss cultural meanings and social context of comics in text analysis. By combining different perspectives of cultural meanings and basic business management theories, this study has integrated these key points into the whole industry analyses. While using in-depth interview as the main method, triangulation is the core spirit of this thesis, accompanying factual materials and personal experiences. The results of the interviews are as listed: First, 70% of the interviewees (comic creators) think that the interpretations of cultural meanings in comics are necessary while the other 30% think that it depends on situations. Second, local comic writers are deeply influenced by Japanese comics in many ways, such as choice of topic, styles and narratives. However, the qualities of these Japanese comics vary a lot; many are full of blood, violence, and porn. Third, about 60% of the interviewees think that their works are related to Chinese culture while 20% of them are close to Taiwanese culture, 10% to western culture and the other 10% related to popular culture. Fourth, the main successful factor of fabulous, best-selling comics is scripting. Then, according to their importance, are marketing, skills, storyboard, creativity, topics, content structure, popular ability, scene setting, the speed of writing, and time table. Last but not least, the researcher has given some practical suggestions to the government, the comic industry, comic writers and the readers. |
