南華大學機構典藏系統:Item 987654321/22719
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Items with full text/Total items : 18278/19583 (93%)
Visitors : 950704      Online Users : 770
RC Version 7.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://nhuir.nhu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/22719


    Title: 美貌!資本?場域。─女性業務外貌價值剖析
    Other Titles: Beauty!Capital?Field--Analysis on the Value of Saleswomen's Beauty
    Authors: 陳怡潔
    Chen, I-ichie
    Contributors: 社會學研究所
    楊靜利
    Ching-li Yang
    Keywords: 資本;美貌;象徵鬥爭;場域
    Field;Capital;Beauty;Symbolic Struggle
    Date: 2007
    Issue Date: 2015-08-06 11:42:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   在今日的台灣社會中,女性平均學歷提高及勞動參與率持續上升,加上產業結構的轉型,從工業社會走向以商業和服務業為主,這些結構因素除了讓女性有更多在職場上一展長才的機會,服務業強調溫柔細心、善體人意,更是女性大顯身手的舞台。   許多研究及調查都顯示皎好的外貌,不論對求職,或是職場發展、升遷,都有正向的加分。而許多成功的美女企業家,除了會投資自己的美貌外,更懂得藉此為自己的產品或公司建立良好的形象,吸引社會大眾的目光,這更提升了美貌的效果,也強化美貌和工作結合的合理性。因此,身為一個現代女性,追求美貌的目的,早已跳脫了「女為悅己者容」舊思維,因為「美貌」對她們而言,是一種資本,能為個人加分。   本研究的目的在於理解女性業務員如何在場域中利用「美貌」資本,有效處理作為行動者的社會關係,除了借用布爾迪厄(Pirre Bourdieu)的關於象徵鬥爭、資本、場域的理論外,也重視行動者自身的觀點。因此,本研究的立場可分為二種:一是呈現行動者對於場域的自為式回應,二是輔以理論,抽離其中的運作過程並且針對隱藏的鬥爭形式加以分析,兩者彙歸之後,便是本研究最關心的部分:「美貌」的社會效果與運作究竟為何?   為了能深入了解女性外貌在職場中的作用及其中互動過程,與被研究者在職場中的所思所想,本研究決定採取質性研究中的深入訪談法。藉著半結構式的開放性訪談,去理解「受訪者」所處場域之女性「美貌」優勢的觀感與經驗,更進一步分析「美貌」在職場上的作用,與受訪者自身對於「美貌」效果的認知與定義。本研究的受訪者為汽車銷售與電信業的女性業務,這兩個產業的共同特性是兩者皆以男性勞動力為主,且強調專業。女性業務員在這個看似不利於己的場域中(刻版印象會認為汽車及電信業較屬於男性專業,女性從事此行較弱勢),是如何和男性同台較勁,甚至闖出自己的一片天?   結果發現,行動者的確視「美貌」為一種有效獲利於場域中的資本形態,無論在面對客戶或是求職面試、工作評價、專業認可等方面,擁有「美貌」資本的人都受到了更高的期待,也較能夠建立起新的社會關係,在此,「美貌」確實強化了行動者的行動意念。但是從理論介入的觀點來看,「美貌」之所以受到重視的過程,其實包含了象徵、社會、經濟資本的轉換,再透過如此複雜的轉換過程,將之提升到品味感(文化資本)的認同,如此一來,「美貌」其實是具有資本轉換的特性,而使其能夠成為象徵鬥爭的工具也是來自於此。但是「美貌」的路線,已經不全然是世俗所界定的身體美好而已,做為「美貌對立物」的「肥胖」,當它能夠逆向操作、將之變成行動者本身「容易記得」的符碼時,其象徵資本的力量也可以像「美貌」一樣進行其他資本形式的積累與轉換。重點在於,「象徵物」是否能夠達成與結構的互動與對話,是否足以將行動者的價值與文化商品結合起來,那麼,象徵鬥爭的佈署就不必然以絕對菁英的路線進行,或者是說,這種「絕對菁英」的範疇正包含了流轉性更高的符碼,在場域中不斷穿梭的象徵性暴力正好可以仰賴這種符號的多元性延續下去。   最後,「美貌」並不能直接等同於商品,後續的商品交易必然是重點。以此觀點來看,「便預設了『美貌』作為象徵資本,一定得培養足以轉換成各類資本的特性,如果無法達成此一任務,『美貌』也將反轉成象徵鬥爭裡的弱勢,其在象徵鬥爭裡的位置也不是固定不變的,它僅代表『有時效性的』的選擇之一,它的暴力內容將反過來對其自身展開暴力(如「花瓶」之說),象徵暴力的強度越強,其象徵物的不穩定性其實也越高,這是我們在給予『美貌』的社會高度時不得不去認知的鬥爭形式。
      With the change of industry, service industry has become the most important industry in Taiwan. In addition, the average of women’s education background and the proportion of female working participation raise every year. These factors bring more opportunities and create a better work environment for women.   Results of many researches have supported beautiful woman usually has better opportunity and more choices in work. Besides, owing to many beautiful entrepreneurs establish the good company image via their nice appearance, more and more women believe “Beauty brings accomplishment”. For most Taiwan women, “Beauty” becomes a capital, and it can help women achieve success today.   The purpose of this research is to realize the saleswomen how to use their capital “Beauty” on the work. Except for using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, like Symbolic Struggle, Capital, Field, to analyze this phenomenon, we also place importance on the viewpoint of actors.   We use the interview method of qualitative research to realize the effects of female appearance in official field, and the thought of actors, like the experience of advantage from beauty, their definition of beauty and so on. Actors in this research are saleswomen from automobile sales and telecommunications industry. The similar charities for these two industries are the male occupy larger proportion, and emphasize profession. It seems these two industries are not suitable for women, but we find saleswomen’s performance is better than salesman after interviewed. How’s woman overcome the difficult situation?    Actually, actors regard pulchritude as capital on their work, including sale, interview, profession, and so on. People who owns “Beauty” received higher expectation, and build up the new relationship easier. Beauty strengthens the actor’s activity consciousness actually. But, in theory, the process of beauty valued, it includes the transformation between symbolic capital, social capital, and economic capital. After this complicated process, beauty has been transformed to cultural capital consciousness. So, beauty has the capital transformation characteristic indeed.
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Applied Sociology, The M.A. Program of Sociology] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Sociology)

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    095NHU05208008-001.pdf2607KbAdobe PDF1418View/Open
    index.html0KbHTML301View/Open


    All items in NHUIR are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback