| 摘要: | 本研究以佛光山開山星雲大師，因應時代需求，關懷社會大眾，弘揚人間佛教而撰之《佛光祈願文》為研究對象，主要探討以「祈願作為修持法門」之理論根據與行持依歸，並以聞、思、修為進路，試圖勾勒一套為現代人身心安頓之修行指南，繪製以聞、思、修成就般若，般若長養大悲，究竟圓成無上菩提之實踐藍圖，為「祈願是一種修行」鋪設一循序漸進之道行次第。 傳統以降，對佛教願文的研究，多關注於願文之功德觀、文學考據、儀式型態、社會文化、民俗風情等層面，顯示於歷史長流中，願文具有舉足輕重之影響力。然當前學術界對《佛光祈願文》之研究，主要著重於文學與教育意涵之探討，針對修行意涵之剖析則未有全面性之深入。鑑於願文對於歷史之貢獻，本研究首先透過佛法東傳的歷史脈絡，窺探當代社會思想主軸及傳統祈願之發展背景，進而歸結出祈願之主要類型及弘法意義，並在傳統願文的基礎之上，展開《佛光祈願文》之研究。 《佛光祈願文》平實直白的表述型態，看似屬於情感抒發之文學作品，實則藉由滿載感同身受的文字意象，傳遞大師深切之願心，直接或間接的，弘揚著人間佛教的核心思想。為使《佛光祈願文》之修行意涵能為大眾所聞薰，本研究嘗試將其文字意象中的情理鏈結，具體析出背後凝聚之法義資糧，串聯主軸思想與文字般若的樑道，建構以佛法義理為依歸之修證體系。 除此之外，藉由大師四個時期之祈願歷程，初為自己求，次為師長親友乃至國家社會祈求，後則依止佛陀大慈大悲、示教利喜之本懷，由祈願轉為發願。此中轉折，透露祈願修行至一段時期後，勢必由量之累積滲透成質的變化，改以發願走完三大阿僧祇劫之修行。因此，以《佛光祈願文》圓成「祈願歸導發願」之昇華，亦爲本文延伸探究之另一重點。
Venerable Master Hsing Yun, founder of Fo Guang Shan monastic order, wrote Pearls of Wisdom, in efforts to respond to the society's demand and to propagate Humanistic Buddhism. This study takes Pearls of Wisdom as the research subject, mainly investigates the theoretical and cultivation foundation for considering praying as a Buddhist practicing method. It attempts to compose a practicing guideline for modern people to settle mind and body, and to pave a progressive pathway for prayers cultivation, which encompasses hearing-reflecting-practicing to accomplish prajñā then foster great compassion, in order to complete perfection and supreme enlightenment. Previous researches on prayers more emphasize on their implications for morality, literary criticism, ritual forms, social culture, folk customs and other aspects, which demonstrate great influences that prayers have imposed historically. Moreover, current academic studies have been limited on probing prayers’ literary and educational implications, leaving the cultivation perspective not being explored thoroughly. Given prayers’ historical contribution, this research firstly presents an overview of contemporary mainstream ideology and the development background of traditional prayers in the context of Buddhism being spread eastward. Then, it classifies the main categories of prayers and their corresponding dharma implications. An analysis is further extended based on traditional prayers. In Pearls of Wisdom, Venerable Master Hsing Yun adopts plain and straightforward way of expressions. It looks like that literature to express emotions, in fact these empathetic verbal images convey the Master’s sincere and willing heart, directly or indirectly, propagates core ideas of Humanistic Buddhism. In order to permeate the cultivation implications of Pearls of Wisdom to general public, this research attempts to examine the dharma doctrines underlying the verbal poetic images, to bridge core ideas with prajñā that relies on words, and to establish the cultivation framework consisted of dharma doctrines. By examining the Master’s praying experiences of four periods, the focal point has been shifted from oneself to teachers and relatives, and to the nation and society, and lastly shifted to the reliance on Buddha’s great compassion and original intent, when prayers turn into vow-making. These shifts demonstrate that cultivation, after a period of praying, has been accumulated to mature a fundamental breakthrough, which is vowing to persist through three great kalpas of practice. Therefore, this research could be further extended in the direction of exploring the lift from praying to make vows using Pearls of Wisdom. |
