背景與目的：過去已有許多文獻證實身體按摩在心理和生理上帶來的效益，且已有愈來愈多護理相關人員將按摩應用於緩解重症病患的焦慮感以及副交感神經活性的提升。近年來隨著3C產品的普及，人們關於頭面部的身心症狀日益嚴重，但以往除了美容之外，對於頭面部按摩的科學印證相當稀少。因此此次研究目的即在探討頭面部按摩對於成年女性心率變異與焦慮感之影響程度。 研究方法：本研究採類實驗設計，以單組前後測的方式進行實驗，搭配STAI焦慮量表與生理回饋分析儀作為測量工具。本研究於2016年10月至12月間進行，以台北市某一貿易公司的32名成年女性員工為收案對象。 實驗過程共計40分鐘，包括介入措施前後平躺各5分鐘(作為HRV前後測依據)，以及介入措施30分鐘。 結果：本研究受試者在經過30分鐘頭面部按摩後，STAI之情境焦慮與特質焦慮均有顯著降低；在心率變異的時域分析方面，NNMin、NNMean均有顯著差異，pNN50於介入措施10分鐘後，也有顯著差異，顯示副交感神經活性提升；%LF指標只有在介入措施的第5～10分鐘時有顯著降低，表示在做完5分鐘肩頸部的按摩之後、眼周及太陽附近部位的按摩時，交感神經活性有顯著的降低。綜合先前及本研究的實驗結果顯示，頭面部按摩與身體按摩的效果大致相同，能夠降低心率、調節自律神經的活性，特別是提升副交感神經的活性以及降低交感神經的活性，另外對於降低主觀的焦慮感也很有幫助。而在本研究中，心率變異與焦慮感並無像身體按摩呈現明顯的相關性，其原因可能在於樣本數量不夠多，亦或是受試者的心率條件差異太大而導致；期許未來若有更多關於頭面部按摩的研究，也許會有更明確的結論。 Background and Purpose: Several past studies have verified the physical and mental benefits of body massages. An increasing number of nursing personnel and care providers are applying body massages to alleviate anxiety and enhance parasympathetic activity in severely ill patients. The rise in consumer electronics in recent years has led to a spike in reports of severe physical and mental symptoms concerning the head and face. However, with the exception of cosmetology, scientific evidence on the effects of head and facial massages remain scarce. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of head and facial massages on the heart rate variability (HRV) and sense of anxiety in women. Method: A quasiexperimental design was adopted, whereby a single group of participants was recruited to participate in a pretest and a posttest. A physiological feedback analyzer coupled with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was adopted as the measurement instrument. Experiments were conducted on a group of 32 women in an anonymous trading company in Taipei City between October and December 2016. Each session lasted approximately 40 min. The participants were instructed to lie down and rest for five min before and after the intervention. These readings served as the pretest and posttest HRV data. The intervention lasted 30 min. Results: A sharp decrease in the participants' state anxiety and trait anxiety scores on the STAI was observed after 30 min of head and facial massages. A time-domain analysis of HRV showed significant differences in NNMin and NNMean. pNN50 also achieved significant differences 10 min into the intervention, suggesting an increase in parasympathetic activity. The %LF index decreased significantly 5 to 10 min into the intervention, suggesting a significant decrease in sympathetic activity after 5 min of shoulder and neck massages and during the eye massage.A review of previous literature and the experiment outcomes showed that the effects of head and facial massages were similar to those of full-body massages. Head and facial massages changed HRV and automatic nerve activity, such as increased parasympathetic activity and reduced sympathetic activity. Moreover, the intervention alleviated the participants' subjective sense of anxiety. Unlike full-body massages, we failed to observe a significant correlation between head and facial messages and HRV/sense of anxiety. This was possibly because of the small sample size or because of varying participant heart rates. A more definitive conclusion may be present in future studies on head and facial massages.
