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http://nhuir.nhu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/26409
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| 題名: | 親職「資／失」格：障礙父母、教養能力與非典家庭的照顧倫理 |
| 其他題名: | Parenting with Disabilities: Capabilities, Challenges and the Ethics of Care |
| 作者: | 陳伯偉 |
| 貢獻者: | 南華大學應用社會學系 |
| 關鍵詞: | 身心障礙父母;親職教養;照顧倫理;強迫性身心健全;能力取向的正義觀
caring ethics;capabilities;child-rearing practices;compulsory able-bodiedness;parenting with disabilities |
| 日期: | 2018 |
| 上傳時間: | 2018-12-06 15:57:40 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 「障礙」(disability) 與「親職」(parenting) 常被視為是彼此互斥、無法攜手合作的社會範疇，尤其當前者只被當成是脆弱、無助、需要被照顧，而後者則被期待能夠提供照顧並無私付出，讓障礙親職受到社會質疑，剝奪障礙者擁有親職教養的資格。但，障礙也常與「危險親職」掛勾，認為障礙父母帶有「危險基因」，無法孕育「正常」的下一代，主張障礙者就算沒有成為子女照顧上的負擔，也無法提供應有的照護、讓小孩身陷危險，輕易將障礙者視為「失職」的父母親。承繼筆者早期對親職研究的關懷，以及近期對障礙者性、愛、慾與相關倫理議題的反思，本研究預計在未來3年，透過訪談身心障礙父母 (約60 - 80人) 與重要意義關係人 (約30 - 40人) ，說明障礙親職的教養困境，體現「理想親職」背後的「強迫性身心健全」預設，也就是「身心健全」的父母乃是「正常」親職的前提。奠基於現有文獻與先導發現，我將聚焦探討下列兩個面向： (1) 首先，藉由身障親職教養與「弱弱相持」的照顧倫理，我將挑戰社會對身障父母的偏見，並從障礙者的生命韌性看見社福體制缺失設計與國家政策的惰性。又，透過身障父母的經驗知識與教養困境，我將說明社會如何侷限其親職教養，同時，也解釋障礙如何滋養身障父母的教育觀。(2) 其次，透過社會對智能障礙父母的不公想像 (「他們很聰明」懂得利用生育竊取資源，「但他們學不會」親職教養)，說明社會弱勢如何成為社會不公的代罪羔羊。相較於漠視智能障礙者 (潛在) 的親職能力，我將從能力取向的正義觀，反思國家應如何提供資源與環境打造，讓智能障礙者知道自己也能做父母，並從中獲得成就與幸福。本研究預期成果將提供下列三點貢獻： (1) 首先，就分析層次而言，我將障礙帶入親職研究，讓障礙親職教養豐富我們對做爸媽的多元想像，同時，透過「非典家庭」的教養實作，挑戰「理想親職」的社會排除，也說明結構限制下的能動性協商；(2) 其次，就政策制定層次而言，我將從障礙父母的經驗知識與教養困境，反思如何銜接既有社福體制設計上的缺口，建議相關政策應如何跟進，並由下而上思考社會正義如何具體落實，協助弱勢障礙父母享有應有的支持；(3) 再者，就實務應用層面，本研究發現將跳脫「預防」觀點，指出「沒有教，但應該學」、「不足，但需要」的智能障礙親職教養能力，提供弱勢親職充分銜接的增能培力途徑。相關研究發現也將提供國內日後特教教學工具
Research on disability primarily explores how to make the public dimension of space, social services and jobs accessible to men and women with disabilities. We know less about access to the private dimension of parenting and child-rearing practices amongst disabled individuals. This research contributes to the existing literature by examining the under-explored terrain of what parenting and child-rearing mean to men and women with physical and intellectual disabilities. It addresses how the disabled individuals are enabled and/or denied access to emotional and parental satisfactions with children; and what we can do to help them develop their capability for forming parent-child relations that involve flourishing and care. From a qualitative perspective, this research delves into two facets. First, derived from the affective turn in disability studies, the analysis reveals both corporeally and affectively how "compulsory able-bodiedness" (McRuer 2006) shapes and marginalizes the parental lives amongst people with severe forms of physical disability, while simultaneously recognizing how their creative and non-conforming child-rearing practices undo dominant scripts about normalcy and social negativity imbedded in modern parenting ideologies. Rather than emphasizing the notion of independence and self-reliance advocated by disability activists, I propose and explicate the notion of inter/dependence and care/cared for between and within families of physically disabled people in order to develop an emancipatory model of social support. Second, in approaching adults with intellectual disabilities, this research challenges "compulsory able-bodiedness" and its unfair presumptions that disqualify entitlements of parenthood for people with intellectual disabilities at the first place. Specifically, it questions the patronizing stereotype of adults with intellectual disabilities as "children" that fail to learn how to be a parent, while simultaneously stigmatizing them as foxy "users" that exploit the welfare benefits. Rather than simply perceiving disability as both "too clever" and "not smart enough", this research deploy the notion of "capabilities" (Nussbaum 2006) to understand how individuals with intellectual impairments and their parental capabilities can be facilitated, developed and flourished. This encourages further exploration of a network of facilitations and parental training programs that need to get coordinated in order to allow the stigmatized to be able to flourish parenting and child-rearing with dignity. Comparing insights from significant others (e.g. children, facilitators, professionals and authorities etc.) will be provided for developing a fuller understanding of parenting and child-rearing with disabilities. The intersection of disability with gender, class and urban/rural divide will also be addressed. In sum, this research contributes to the under-theorized and under-politicized private sphere of the disabled lives. It extends the existing literature by simultaneously bringing together the lived experiences of individuals with physical and intellectual disabilities. It identifies the challenges as well as capabilities and caring ethics for parents with disabilities and further problematizes the prerequisite of "healthy" body and mind for becoming a parent. It also sheds light on the ethics of engagement for the socially vulnerable. In analyzing parenting with disabilities, this research hopes to re-draw the boundaries of hierarchy and dignity in the affective economy of “ideal parenthood” and its compulsory existence. |
| 顯示於類別: | [應用社會學系(社會工作與社會設計碩士班,教育社會學碩士班)] 國科會計畫
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