世界衛生組織於2002年提出了"積極老化" （active ageing）的觀點，其概念在於扶持老人能從社會撤退轉換成參與融合，持續參與社會經濟生活、志願服務或終身學習。該政策架構所稱的積極活躍並不單指身體的活動或是加入勞動市場，而是指持續對社會、經濟、文化、及公民事務的參與，希望高齡者在退休之後，能夠持續與社會互動，除了維持自身生理健康之外，也能夠強化社會及心理的健康。與社會互動的方式，除了在社區大學繼續進修或參與社區活動之外，擔任志工也是一個很好的選擇。臺灣人口老化速度快速，根據衛福部統計處資料顯示，台灣目前65歲以上老人約344萬人約占總人口14%，進入高齡化社會，到了2025年老年人口更將達473萬人，占總人口20%，進入超高齡社會。為了回應未來高齡社會可能的挑戰與需求，本文建議政府宜提出支持高齡志願服務獎勵及終身學習刺激之政策，同時亦強化家庭與社區照顧及健康體系，保障老年經濟安全與促進人力資源再運用，提供高齡者友善社會參與之環境及完善高齡教育系統等對策，以緩解高齡化問題。 In 2002, the World Health Organization put forward the idea of “Active Ageing”. The concept is to help the elderly to switch from social withdrawal to participation in integration, and to continue to participate in social and economic life, volunteer service or lifelong learning. The activeness of its policy structure does not mean physical activity or participation in the labor market, but rather the continued participation in social, economic, cultural, and civic affairs. It is hoped that the elderly will continue to interact with society after retirement. In addition to maintaining physical health, it also strengthens social and psychological health. In addition to continuing to pursue further studies or participate in community activities in community colleges, volunteering is also a good option. Taiwan's population is aging rapidly. According to the statistics of the Department of Statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, about 3.44 million people in Taiwan over the age of 65 account for about 14% of the total population. In the aging society, the number of elderly people will reach 4.73 million in 2025. With a population of 20%, it enters a super-age society. In response to the possible challenges and needs of the elderly in the future, this paper suggests that the Government should propose a policy of supporting senior age volunteer service incentives and lifelong learning incentives, as well as strengthening family and community care and health systems to protect the economic security of the elderly and promote the re-use of human resources. We will provide an environment for the elderly to participate in a friendly society and improve the education system for the elderly to alleviate the problem of aging.
