集水區上游水文觀測資料，可應用於下游水文量體預測及早期洪水預報之用，本研究以臺北市上游山坡地為例，建立集水區降雨、水位及水量觀測系統。首先於河道已設置量水堰之處，設置水位計，並利用嵌入式系統，做資料之即時儲存，透過太陽能供電，再以無線網路將資料回傳至基地台，於基地台設置資料庫進行資料即時儲存，並與現有臺北市雨量站進行資料整合，撰寫展示介面，提供即時展示功能。本即時系統建立後，提供雨量、水位及流量之即時及歷史資訊，透過使用者介面，讓使用者可以做資料之查詢、下載，並預期未來作為大數據分析之用。 Hydrological monitoring data in upstream can be used to predict the water level in downstream for the flood forecasting. This study established a rainfall, water level and water quantity monitoring system in the upstream watershed of Taipei City. First, the water level gauge was set up in the river channel, and the embedded system was used to store the observation data, which will transport to the base station via the wireless network. The solar energy was used to supply the power energy. The database system was set up in the base station, so as to store the data and integrate with the existing Rainfall Station in Taipei City. A Graphic User Interface (GUI) was created to display instant data. After the establishment of the real-time system, the real-time and historical information such as rainfall, water level and discharge can be obtained. Through the user interface, users can query/download data and anticipate future use as big data analysis.
