消防署自106年起實施火災統計新制後，資料前後有差異，本研究針對統計直轄市（六都）100年至108年間各項火災網路數據，比對新舊制後的差異性；本研究運用因素分析，將起火原因分類成「習慣因素」、「意外因素」、「情緒因素」、「火種因素」及「易燃品因素」等五個因素。以變異數分析探討對各地區起火原因的差異，發現「習慣因素」有明顯差異，其原因為臺北市地區的集合宿舍及寄宿舍的數量明顯較多於桃園市地區，建議市府機關提高住宅用火災警報器安裝率；「意外因素」有明顯差異，台中市地區居民對清明節的防火意識薄弱，建議市府機關在清明節前，將公墓附近雜草清除整理，降低火災因子可燃物；「情緒因素」有明顯差異，都市人口數量的增加，縱火案件的發生率也相對提高，建議市府機關增加區里系統的監錄設備，以提高社區治安。 本研究提供消防機關作為預防火災之意見參考，確保民眾居家及公共場所消防安全。 Since the implementation of the new fire statistics system by the National Fire Agency, Ministry of the Interior in 2017, the data before and after showed differences. In this study, the various network fire data of the special municipalities (six) from 2011 to 2019 was used to compare the difference between the old and existing systems. Factor analysis was adopted to divide the causes of fire into five factors: ＂habit factors＂, ＂accident factors＂, ＂emotion factors＂, ＂fire factor＂, and flammables factor＂. Analysis of Variance was employed to explore differences in the causes of fire in different regions. It was found that the ＂habit factor＂ showed significant differences, as the number of collective dormitories and boarding houses in Taipei City was significantly higher than that in Taoyuan City. It is recommended that the city government increases the home fire alarm installation rate. The ＂accident factor＂ showed significant differences. The residents in Taichung City showed weak awareness of fire prevention during Tomb-Sweeping Day. It is suggested that the city government clear weeds nearby public cemeteries before Tomb-Sweeping Day to reduce fire factor combustibles. The ＂emotional factor＂ also showed significant differences. An increase in the urban population has led to a relative increase in incidences of arson cases. The city government is advised to increase surveillance equipment in districts and villages to improve community security. This study shall serve as a reference for fire agencies to prevent fire incidents in order to ensure the fire safety of the general public at home and in public places.
