| 摘要: | 背景及目的：老化（aging）是人類生理機能隨著年齡增加之後逐漸退化的自然過程，是一種正常且不可逆的持續過程，包含許多生理機能之改變與衰退，此現象造成老年人日常生活活動及反應力降低，動作緩慢或功能喪失，並直接影響平衡的穩定，進而增加跌倒的機率與危險性。研究顯示規律的身體活動及運動可以改善身體組成進而延緩老化。本研究目的在探討個體之功能性體適能與中醫證型之表現，作為預防延緩失能之參考。 材料及方法：本研究為橫斷式調查，招募台灣某南區地區教學醫院中醫科 20-80 歲中醫門診病人、同仁及志工參與實驗。中醫證型判別使用大林慈濟醫院中醫部建立之中醫辨證系統，填寫 21 道題 25 組症狀之「中醫身體生命現象問卷表」，以中正大學信息技術研究所之軟體將問卷結果轉化為標準化的“證候”。另外還有受測者個人基本資料及 22 項功能性體適能檢測。使用 IBM SPSS for Windows 18.0 版進行數據處理，並根據研究目的和不同的變量屬性，對描述性和推理性資料進行分析。 結果：本研究共收集 193 位研究對象資料，男性 57 人(29.5%)、女性136 人(70.4%)，年齡層分布以 60-69 歲 75 人(38.8%)居多。ANOVA 分析年齡分群(<30ｙ、31-60ｙ、>60ｙ)，組間在大腸實熱、痰火熱心、心火亢盛、心陰虛、心陽虛、食滯胃脘、肝膽濕熱及脾氣陷等 8 種證型呈現顯著性差異。功能性體適能檢測部分，以年齡分群分析結果顯示組間在 11 項目呈現顯著性差異，包含睜眼單腳站、閉眼單腳站、睜眼原地踏步、閉眼原地踏步、柔軟度及左右後轉等。T 檢定分析不同中醫證型在功能體適能之比較，結果發現中醫證型與部分功能性體適能檢測項目達到統計上顯著性差異。 結論:本研究結果顯示功能性體適能及中醫證型隨著年齡增長而改變;不同的中醫證型的身體，也會造成不同的體適能狀態表現；也因此未來可針對不同中醫證型者擬定最合適的體適能項目，優化中醫養生策略，以達預防失能失智之目的。
Background and Purpose: Aging is a natural process in which human physiological functions gradually degenerate with age. It is a normal and irreversible continuous process, including many changes and declines in physiological functions. This phenomenon causes the elderly to reduce their daily activities and responsiveness. Slow movement or loss of function directly affects the stability of balance, thereby increasing the probability and risk of falling. Research shows that regular physical activity and exercise can improve body composition and delay aging. The purpose of this study is to explore the individual's functional fitness and the performance of TCM syndromes, as a reference for preventing and delaying disability. Materials and Methods ： This research is a cross-sectional design; enrolled 20-80-year-old patients, volunteer, and staff from the TCM department of a teaching hospital in the Southern District of Taiwan. The automated TCM syndrome differentiation system designed by the Institute of Information Technology of Chung Cheng University and the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital uses 21 questions and 25 groups of symptom questions, covering health and disease-related problems, and transforms TCM symptom collection data into standardized “syndrome.” In addition, there are basic personal information and 22 functional fitness tests. Results: This study collected a total of 193 research subjects, 57 males (29.5%) and 136 females (70.4%); The leading age group is 75 people (38.8%) aged 60-69 years old. ANOVA analyzed age subgroups (<30y, 31-60y, >60y), and there were significant differences among the groups in 6 types of syndromes, including Large intestinal heat excess, Heart phlegm heating, Heart fire hyperactive, Heart yang deficiency, Liver and Gallbladder damp-heat, and Spleen-qi depression. In the functional fitness test part, the results of age group analysis showed that there were significant differences in 11 items between the groups, including standing on one foot with eyes open, standing on one foot with eyes closed, stepping with eyes open, stepping with eyes closed, softness and Turn left and right. The T-test analyzes the comparison of different TCM syndrome types in functional fitness, and it turns out that there are statistically significant differences between TCM syndrome types and some functional fitness test items. Conclusion: The results of this study show that functional fitness and TCM syndrome types change with age. Different TCM syndromes will also cause different performances of physical fitness status; therefore, in the future, the most suitable fitness programs can be formulated for people with different TCM syndromes, and TCM health-preserving strategies can be optimized to prevent disability and dementia. |
