背景及目的：近年來國人平均壽命呈現上升趨勢，如何持續維護國人身心健康成為國家重要的課題。一般認為聽音樂或唱歌是一種正向的活動，有益身心健康。之前的研究也顯示人際關係、自我概念或生活滿意度的提升與身心健康有正相關。本研究之目的在探討中高齡以上者學習客家山歌活動對人際關係、自我概念與生活滿意度之影響。 材料及方法：本研究招募60位參與者，非隨機分派分為山歌組及對照組，每組30人。山歌組每週上課一次，每次二小時，共計十二週。對照組則無參加學習客家山歌活動。以結構式問卷來作為前後測施測的工具。問卷包括背景資料表、人際關係量表、自我概念量表和生活滿意度量表。統計以 SPSS 18.0 軟體為分析工具，統計方法包括敍述統計、成對樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定。 結果：學習客家山歌可提升中高齡以上者之自我概念，而對於提升人際關係和生活滿意度則無顯著影響。 結論：學習十二週客家山歌可提升中高齡以上者之自我概念，而自我概念提升是否有助於中高齡以上者的身心健康，則需要進一步的研究來證實。 Background and Purpose: New data shows that Taiwanese are living longer than ever, so how to maintain the physical and mental health has become an important issue. It is generally believed that listening to music or singing is a positive activity that is beneficial to physical and mental health. Previous studies have also shown that maintain good interpersonal relations, self-concept or life satisfaction is positively correlated with physical and mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of learning Hakka folk songs on interpersonal relations, self-concepts and life satisfaction in middle-aged and older adults. Materials and Methods: Sixty participants were recruited, and non-randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. The experimental group took two-hour Hakka-folk-song lesson once a week for 12 weeks, whereas control group did not. The structured questionnaire was used as a tool for pre- and post-test. The questionnaires included the Interpersonal Relationship Scale, the Self-Concept Scale and the Life Satisfaction Scale. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, paired t test, and independent t test. Results: Learning Hakka folk songs can improve the self-concept of middle-aged and older adults, but has no significant effect on improving interpersonal relations and life satisfaction. Conclusion: Learning Hakka folk songs for 12 weeks can improve the self-concept of the middle-aged and older adults. Whether self-concept improvement is helpful to the physical and mental health of the middle-aged and older adults should be explored further.
