| 摘要: | 生、老、病、死是每個人在生命中必須面對的課題，其中生與死是生命最強烈的對比，當我們是哭著來到這世界，而在回顧一生後離開，面對死亡終究是人們最為畏懼的課題。能讓亡者好好走完人生的最後一哩路，衍生各民族對於喪禮的諸多習俗、儀式，本論文研究將著眼於客家族群的喪葬禮俗的背景，再聚焦於苗栗縣三義鄉，即以研究者的故鄉為研究對象，研究者自十六歲拜師學藝以來，所學都是傳統的禮俗，在師父、地方耆老及的地方風俗老師的不吝指導下，熟知傳統禮俗所表達的孝道、倫理、慎終追遠的意義；從事殯葬業三十多年來，目睹三義鄉的發展與變化，近年鄉內耆老逐一凋零，導致懂傳統禮俗的人越來越少，希望將傳統客家喪葬禮俗的轉變做研究與紀錄，藉以喚起客家子弟對傳統喪葬禮俗的重視。 傳統客家喪葬禮俗在現今工商業發達、社會結構的改變，且殯葬業者以一條龍方式統包喪葬案件，導致傳統禮俗受到衝擊，正面臨即將消逝的情況。本論文以探討苗栗縣三義鄉為研究範圍，透過田野調查、深度研究及文獻研究法，希望可以探討客家喪禮禮俗消失原因，也思考傳統禮俗該如何被保存下來，並期望藉由相關內容的研究與文獻的探討，使年輕的一代能飲水思源，了解客家傳統喪禮禮俗的真正意義。
Birth, old age, illness, death are the problems that everyone must face in life, of which life and death are the strongest contrast of life, when we come to this world crying, and leave after looking back on life, facing death is ultimately the most feared subject for people. This paper will focus on the background of the funeral customs of the Hakka family group, and then focus on Sanyi Township, Miaoli County, that is, the researcher's hometown as the research object, the researcher has learned traditional etiquette since he was sixteen years old, under the guidance of the master, the local elderly and the local customs teacher, familiar with the meaning of filial piety, ethics, and prudence expressed by traditional etiquette; Engaged in the funeral industry for more than 30 years, witnessing the development and changes of Sanyi Township, in recent years, the elderly in the township have withered one by one, resulting in fewer and fewer people who understand traditional customs, hoping to study and record the transformation of traditional Hakka funeral customs, so as to arouse the attention of Hakka children to traditional funeral customs. Traditional Hakka funeral customs have developed in today's industry and commerce, the social structure has changed, and funeral industries have integrated funeral cases in a one-stop manner, resulting in the impact of traditional customs and are facing a situation of imminent disappearance. Through fieldwork, in-depth research and literature research, this paper hopes to explore the reasons for the disappearance of Hakka funeral customs, and also think about how traditional customs should be preserved, and hope that through the research and literature discussion of relevant content, the younger generation can drink water and think about the source and understand the true significance of Hakka traditional funeral customs. |
