陳映真小說中的結構原則及其世界觀

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题名:	陳映真小說中的結構原則及其世界觀
其它题名:	The Structural Principle and Its World View in Chen Ying- Zhen's Novels
作者:	劉弘毅 LIU, HONG-YI
貢獻者:	文學系高知遠 KAO, CHIH-YUAN
关键词:	陳映真;敘述意識;結構主義;敘事學 Ying-Zhen Chen;narrative consciousness;structuralism;narratology
日期:	2023
上传时间:	2023-11-09 11:39:30 (UTC+8)
摘要:	關於陳映真小說之研究，歷來吸引眾多研究者。他們著眼於陳映真個人在國家、政治以及眾多社會議題的參與。然而在閱讀小說的過程當中，是否必須不斷的與小說外的陳映真進行對話呢？這樣的考量，在陳映真小說的分析當中，是永恆且必要的嗎？什麼時候、哪篇小說是與那些講話（或文章）一起被考量的，尚且難有定見，更遑論能夠自行提出解釋的陳映真先生，隨著其生命的逝去也不可能加入討論。倘若只論小說本身，是否能夠得出意義，是本文在研究上的初始動機。　　本研究以「陳映真小說中的結構原則及其世界觀」為題，希望藉由探討陳映真小說內容的結構方式，取得其中同質性的原則。並針對結構當中層次遞進的三個議題：階級、國族以及批判為分類以進行。在發現其中的原則之後，延伸其中的對立內容，透過對文本當中敘事模式進行的發現，進而導出文本對於對立中延伸之價值有何樣的表現傾向，並透露出怎麼樣的世界觀。在研究中，發現並歸納出結構在延伸到深層意涵時，呈現的多維或二元對立結構，並能夠發現其中隱含讀者在設計文本時透露的價值意識（主體意識價值觀），在處理階級時體諒受壓迫者；在國族中反對外國族對本土的侵略；而在批判中針對平民與統治階級兩個方面共構的威權與剝奪予以否定意見。而在這些分別的文本所論證出來數個價值意識，又能相互組合、補證出一種接近社會主義價值之世界觀。　　世界觀的使用需提及的高德曼（Lucien Goldmann）之發生論結構主義。其原先意旨在透過文本中可劃分的兩種對立結構（表、深層之分），討論敘述主體在文本當中肯定何種意識形態。而在本文的討論裡，表層與深層（意涵層次）在對立結構中不一定會有顯著的分離。並且，在銜接於對立結構討論之後的價值意識與世界觀討論之導出，並不會以「真實創作主體」的陳映真先生所發表的任何形式的評論、講話作為說明與例證。其目的不在切割陳映真與其小說作品之關係，而在樹立以研究動機為規範的研究方法原則。　　在研究過程當中，本文將以敘事學為基礎，從數個主題上探討陳映真小說當中的價值意識及世界觀。同時期望藉由「陳映真小說中結構原則及其世界觀」之提出，為以陳映真小說作為對象之研究提出參考，以期陳映真小說研究更加圓滿豐盛。　　The study of Chen Ying-Zhen's novels has always attracted many researchers. They focused on Chen Ying-Zhen's personal involvement in the state, politics, and many social issues. However, in the process of reading the novel, do you have to constantly have a dialogue with Chen Ying-Zhen outside the novel? Is such a consideration eternal and necessary in the analysis of Chen Ying-Zhen's novel? It is difficult to determine when and which novel will be considered along with those speeches (or articles), let alone Mr. Chen Ying-Zhen, who can provide his own explanations, and it is impossible to join the discussion as his life passes. If we only talk about the novel itself, whether it can derive meaning is the initial motivation for the research of this article.　　The title of this research is “Structural Principles and World View in Chen Ying-Zhen's Novels”, hoping to obtain the principle of homogeneity by exploring the structural methods of Chen Ying-Zhen's novels. It also addresses the three issues of progressive hierarchy in the structure: class, nation, and criticism.after discovering the principles, extend the opposites in them, and through the discovery of the narrative patterns in the text, then derive what kind of expressive tendency the text has for the value extended in the opposition, and reveal what kind of worldview. In the research, the multi-dimensional or binary opposition structure presented by the structure when it extends to the deep meaning is found and summarized, and the value consciousness (subject consciousness value) revealed by the reader when designing the text can be found. Be considerate of the oppressed in dealing with class; Oppose foreign aggression against the homeland among the nation; In the criticism, it rejects the authoritarianism and deprivation of the common people and the ruling class. And the several value consciousnesses demonstrated in these separate texts can be combined with each other to complement a world view close to socialist values.　　The use of worldview should be mentioned in Lucien Goldmann's occurrence structuralism. Its original intention was to discuss what ideology the narrative subject affirms in the text through two opposing structures ( table and deep ) , which can be divided into two structures of opposition. In the discussion of this paper, there is not necessarily a significant separation between the surface and the deep (meaning level) in the opposing structure.Moreover, the derivation of the discussion of value consciousness and world view after the discussion of opposing structures does not use any form of comments and speeches made by Mr. Chen Ying-Zhen, the “real creative subject”, as explanations and examples. Its purpose is not to cut the relationship between Chen Ying-Zhen and his novels, but to establish the principle of research methods based on research motivation.　　In the course of this research, this paper will explore the value consciousness and worldview of Chen Ying-Zhen's novels from several themes based on narratology. At the same time, it is hoped that through the proposal of “Structural Principles and World View in Chen Ying-Zhen's Novels“, a reference will be proposed for the research of Chen Ying-Zhen's novels, so as to make the research of Chen Ying-Zhen's novels more complete and prosperous.
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