工作壓力、情緒耗竭與因應策略之個案研究－以國小教師兼任行政職務為例

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Title:	工作壓力、情緒耗竭與因應策略之個案研究－以國小教師兼任行政職務為例
Other Titles:	Case Studies on Job Stress, Emotional Exhaustion and Coping Strategies: Examples of Elementary School Teachers with Administration Positions
Authors:	劉振榮 LIU, CHEN-JUNG
Contributors:	企業管理學系非營利事業管理碩士班涂瑞德 TWU, RUEY-DER
Keywords:	工作壓力;情緒耗竭;因應策略 Job Stress;Emotional Exhaustion;Coping Strategies
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2023-11-09 14:42:37 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	近年來教育界出現「行政大逃亡」現象，造成學校面臨安排行政職務的困難；十二年國教改革下，行政教師承擔宣導、執行、報告、評鑑等工作，受到最大衝擊；疫情爆發後，學校教師需提升線上教學技能，面對意見分歧，行政教師壓力加劇，這些因素使得兼任行政職務教師工作壓力與情緒耗竭與日俱增。　　本研究探討國民小學教師兼任行政職務之工作壓力、情緒耗竭來源與因應策略，透過研究協助兼任行政職務教師更清楚瞭解工作壓力及情緒耗竭的來源，並歸納相關因應策略，提供教師、學校、教育主管機關及未來研究之參考。　　本研究經由相關文獻探討得知，工作壓力及情緒耗竭著重於教師的工作情境與人際關係，這是一種動態歷程，只有在自然情境中，運用多面向的描述方式，深入探討情境脈絡，以受訪者的立場與觀點出發，融入其的生活情境，才能將獨特的研究現象，充分理解與完整詮釋，因此本研究採用質性研究中的個案研究，透過深度訪談方式，了解受訪者親身經歷與實際狀況，從訪談內容中深入分析，藉以獲得更直接、更聚焦的資料，研究結果如下：一、國民小學教師兼任行政職務之工作壓力及情緒耗竭來源：(1)工作壓力來源為工作負荷、人際關係、時間管理、內在衝突、上級壓力、教育政策及職缺問題。(2)情緒耗竭來源為工作壓力的累積、承受他人的情緒、挫折感與無力感、面對上級的要求。二、國小兼任行政職務教師的工作壓力及情緒耗竭的因應策略：(1)工作壓力的因應策略為調節釋放工作壓力、建立良好支持系統及合理規劃工作進度。(2)情緒耗竭的因應策略為放鬆活動紓解情緒、提升自我覺察能力、調節自我思維方式及建立友善支持系統。　　In recent years, the education sector has witnessed a phenomenon known as the “administrative exodus,” causing difficulties for schools in arranging administrative duties. Under the reform of the twelve-year national education system, administrative teachers are heavily impacted, as they take on responsibilities such as promotion, execution, reporting, and evaluation. Following the outbreak of the pandemic, school teachers are required to enhance their online teaching skills and face differing opinions, intensifying the pressure on administrative teachers. These factors have led to an increasing work pressure and emotional exhaustion among teachers who juggle administrative responsibilities.　　This study aims to explore the sources of job stress and emotional exhaustion among elementary school teachers who also serve in administrative roles, as well as coping strategies. Through this research, we aim to assist teachers in administrative roles to better understand the sources of their job stress and emotional exhaustion, and to summarize relevant coping strategies for the benefit of teachers, schools, educational authorities, and future research.　　Through a review of relevant literature, this study found that work stress and emotional exhaustion are closely related to teachers' work situations and interpersonal relationships. This is a dynamic process that requires a multidimensional description approach and an in-depth exploration of the situational context, taking into account the interviewee's perspective and incorporating their life context, in order to fully understand and interpret the unique research phenomenon. Therefore, this study adopts a case study approach in qualitative research, using in-depth interviews to understand the interviewees' personal experiences and actual situations, and conducting in-depth analysis of the interview content to obtain more direct and focused data. The research findings are as follows:1. Work stress and emotional exhaustion sources for elementary school teachers with administrative duties:(1) The sources of work stress include workload, interpersonal relationships, time management, internal conflict, pressure from superiors, education policies, and job vacancy issues.(2) The sources of emotional exhaustion include the accumulation of work stress, bearing the emotions of others, frustration and helplessness, and facing demands from superiors.2. The Coping Strategies of Job Stress and Emotional Exhaustion among Elementary School Teachers with Administrative Responsibilities: (1) The coping strategies for job stress are regulating and releasing job stress, establishing a good support system, and planning work progress reasonably.(2) The coping strategies for emotional exhaustion are relaxing activities to relieve emotions, enhancing self-awareness, adjusting thinking patterns, and establishing a friendly support system.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Business Administration, Master/Ph.D Program in Management Sciences] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Nonprofit Organization Management)

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