乾旱與鹽逆境對冰花（Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum L.）生長與生理之影響

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 科技學院 > 自然生物科技學系(自然療癒碩士班) > 博碩士論文-自然療癒碩士班 > Item 987654321/29773

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题名:	乾旱與鹽逆境對冰花（Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum L.）生長與生理之影響
其它题名:	The Effects of Drought and Salt Stress on the Growth and Physiology of Ice Plants (Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum L.)
作者:	蕭如翔 XIAO, RU-XIANG
貢獻者:	自然生物科技學系自然療癒碩士班吳澔群 WU, HOW-CHIUN
关键词:	乾旱;鹽生植物;鹽逆境;缺水逆境;氯化鈉 drought stress;halophyte;salt stress;water stress;NaCl
日期:	2023
上传时间:	2023-11-13 15:32:48 (UTC+8)
摘要:	冰花(Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.)近幾年常作為一項高功能性食品被廣泛討論；由於冰花依照環境培育的不同，將產生多種多元醇，便具有耐鹽以及耐旱特性，使冰花擁有高度研究價值；本研究將冰花種植在缺水的土壤並施加NaCl，目的為探討冰花處於複數逆境時對其生長與生理之影響；本實驗利用澆水次數分為少量澆水(八天澆水一次)與適量澆水(兩天澆水一次)兩組別，同時在種植冰花土壤中添加5種NaCl濃度(0 mM、250 mM、500 mM 、750 mM、1000 mM)，藉由減少澆水次數模擬缺水逆境，並在移植後每隔八天給予一次NaCl作為鹽逆境的施加。　　實驗結果發現，冰花受到高濃度NaCl (500 mM、750 mM、1000 mM)以及乾旱影響，表現出顯著生長較多的側枝葉片數，平均有著4~7片生長，與之相比，包含適量澆水組別的其它處理則是平均不到1片側枝葉片數；此外，雖然在未添加NaCl的兩組對照組，少量澆水所產生之乾旱顯著減少冰花葉片數量及葉片面積，但是當加入NaCl後，其呈現的生長變化幅度明顯高於適量澆水，整體而言，當冰花處於兩種逆境時(少量澆水和250 mM及500 mM NaCl濃度)其葉面積、濕重與乾重等三項目數值顯著高於其它處理。　　兩組不同澆水次數實驗組別在離子檢測項目中，鹽逆境的施加減少冰花體內鉀離子含量，而鈉離子的累積則是隨著鹽逆境施加的濃度增加而提高，同時少量澆水造成的缺水逆境則會進一步顯著提升冰花葉片的鈉離子累積；於化學分析可觀察到缺水逆境將造成冰花體內葉綠素與胡蘿蔔素含量降低，但是在給予特定NaCl濃度(500 mM)與缺水逆境時，冰花的抗氧化能力和總多酚含量則有著顯著性地提高。　　根據上述，即使乾旱與鹽逆境各別對冰花造成不同的負面影響，但依照本實驗收集的冰花性狀和體內生理狀況，可發現少量澆水並施加NaCl 濃度250 mM之處理整體表現最佳。　　In recent years, numerous investigations have been carried out to study ice plants (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) as a high-functional food. Ice plants are considered a high-value crop that are favored for research due to the fact that they produce various types of polyols depending on the environment in which they are grown. Furthermore, ice plants are drought-tolerant and can be grown in soils with high salinity. In the present study, ice plants were cultivated in a growth room in soil with water-deficit conditions and watered with NaCl solution. The aim was to investigate the effects of two stress factors on the growth and physiology of ice plants. Two watering treatments were used: low watering regimen (once every eight days) and regular watering regimen (once every two days). In addition, the ice plants were watered with five concentrations of NaCl solution (0 mM; 250 mM; 500 mM; 750 mM; 1000 mM) every eight days to induce salt-stress conditions.　　Results showed that when ice plants were irrigated with high NaCl concentrations (500 mM, 750 mM, and 1000 mM) in combination with the low watering regimen, a significant increase in the number of leaves forming on secondary shoots was observed, which on average had 4 - 7 leaves. In contrast, on average less than 1 leaf was produced by secondary shoots of ice plants irrigated with the regular watering regimen. Furthermore, in the treatment with no salt-stress (0 mM NaCl) in both the low- and regular watering regimens, those in the low watering regimen produced significantly fewer leaf numbers and lower leaf area, however, in the treatments in which ice plants were irrigated with NaCl, clear improvements in growth were observed in the low watering regimen compared to the regular watering regimen. This was particularly evident in ice plants that were cultivated under two stresses (the low watering regimen provided with 250 mM and 500 mM NaCl), which had significantly higher leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight compared to the other treatments.　　With regard to their nutrient composition, an increase in salt stress reduced the potassium content in the leaves, whereas the sodium content of leaves surged as the amount of NaCl given to the ice plants increased. Moreover, results also showed that drought-stress conditions further increased sodium accumulation in leaves. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of leaves were found to be reduced by water stress, however, the DPPH activity and total phenol content were significantly increased when ice plants were grown in the low watering regimen provided with 500 mM NaCl. These findings demonstrated that, when provided separately to ice plants, water and salt stresses had a negative effect on the growth of ice plants. However, when exposed to both salt and water stress together, significant improvements in the growth of ice plants were observed. Overall, the best growth was found in the treatment where ice plants were provided with a low watering regimen and irrigated with 250 mM NaCl solution.
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