電影《只有大海知道》再現的蘭嶼達悟族文化認同與隔代教養

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Title:	電影《只有大海知道》再現的蘭嶼達悟族文化認同與隔代教養
Other Titles:	Cultrual Identity and Grandparenting in Lanyu's Tao Tribe Represented in the Film“Long Time No Sea”
Authors:	李嘉倫 LI, CHIA-LUN
Contributors:	傳播學系張裕亮 CHANG, YU-LIANG
Keywords:	蘭嶼達悟族;原住民電影;原住民文化;文化認同;隔代教養 Orchid Island Daowu tribe;Aboriginal Movies;Aboriginal Cultures;Cultrual Identity;Grandparenting
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2023-11-15 11:50:27 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	在原住民電影中，以天生優勢與強項的歌唱藝術與運動天份類型的接受度比較高，因為電影劇情內容，幾乎都是充滿正向性與激勵人心的作品；不過，有關原住民部落的老人生活、城鄉差距、工作環境、文化認同、隔代教養……等問題也很嚴重；其實，更需要大家嚴肅地來看待與探討，只是在電影中被聚焦的比較少。　　本研究選取原住民電影《只有大海知道》作為研究文本，則是不同於以往的原住民電影，著重在正向性與激勵人心的傳達，而是聚焦在原住民文化認同與隔代教養。因此，本研究引用符號學分析和鏡頭分析，並以文字說明且搭配截取電影畫面的方式呈現。　　透過分析《只有大海知道》電影，研究者發現，原漢文化因素影響主角馬那衛的達悟族文化認同有二：一、從台灣來到蘭嶼的游老師對原民文化的排斥及接納，影響著馬那衛的達悟族文化認同；二、馬那衛阿嬤的原民文化認同態度，鼓勵著馬那衛的達悟族文化認同。再者，分析在電影中，達悟族隔代教養的問題，研究者發現：一、達悟族面對的隔代教養問題是教養觀念不足；二、達悟族面對的隔代教養問題是價值觀念差異與文化刺激不足。　　In aboriginal films, singing and sports talents that come from innate advantages and strengths are more accepted because the plots are mostly positive and inspiring. However, in fact, it is related to the life of the elderly of the aboriginal tribes, the gap between urban and rural areas, the working environment, cultural identity, and grandparenting, etc. In fact, it is more necessary for everyone to look at and discuss seriously, but it is less focused in the movie. 　　This study selects the aboriginal film “Long Time No Sea” as the research text, which is different from previous aboriginal films. It focuses not only on conveying positive and inspiration but also on aboriginal cultural identity and grandparenting. Therefore, this study employs semiotic analysis and shot analysis, accompanied by textual explanations and film frame excerpts, to present its findings.　　Through analyzing the film “Long Time No Sea” the researchers found two influences of Aboriginal and Han's cultural factors on the cultural identity of the protagonist, Manawei, from the Daowu tribe. Firstly, the attitude of the teacher You, who comes from Taiwan to Orchid Island, towards aboriginal culture, which includes both rejection and acceptance, affects Manawei's Daowu cultural identity. Secondly, Manawei's grandmother's attitude towards aboriginal culture encourages his Daowu cultural identity. Furthermore, in analyzing the issue of grandparenting within the Daowu tribe in the film, the researchers discovered two aspects: Firstly, the grandparenting problem faced by the Daowu tribe stems from insufficient parenting concepts, and secondly, it arises from differences in values and a lack of cultural stimulation.
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