本研究以嘉義縣阿里山鄉四所小學為研究對象,旨在瞭解原鄉地區學校體育教學的現況與困境。透過訪談與文件蒐集的方式,首先分析原鄉地區學校所處地理環境與原住民學生的體適能成績;其次探討學生家庭背景及其對學生學習的影響;接著探討原鄉地區學校體育教學規劃情形及其是否受體育教學政策所影響,最後逐項說明原鄉地區學校實施體育教學所遭遇的困境為何。 最後綜合歸納出原鄉地區學校在實施體育教學主要的困境有:刻板印象造成大家認為原住民等於體育好;學生家庭的支持與反對對學生的影響;政府政策對學校體育教學的影響;經濟因素造成人口的外移;教師體育教學的專業度與認同度。 研究者根據研究結果提出相關建議,以作為未來持續推動體育教學與相關活動時之參考。 The purpose of the study is to undersatand the status quo and the predicaments of the elementary physical education in the aboriginal area. The data were collected through interview and document collection in the four elementary schools in Alishan Towmship in Chiayi County. The students’ physical fitnness scores in different places in Alishan were analyzed first. Then, the effect of students’ family background on their learning was investigated. Moreover, whether the planning of the physical education in the school in the aboriginal area was influenced by the physical education policy was researched. Finally, the predicaments of the elementary physical education in the aboriginal area were elaborated. The predicaments of elementary physical education in the aboriginal area were concluded as follow. First, the stereotype of indigenous people was that they are born to be good at physical education. Secondly, whether the students’ families supported them influenced a lot. Thirdly, the govenrment policy influenced the physical education in schools a lot. Fourthly, people moved out of the area because of the economic consideration. Last but not least, the degree of teachers’ profession and recognition in physical education was not high. Some suggestions were proposed based on the result of the research to be the reference for the future development of physical education.