| 摘要: | 近年來臺灣「歷史建築」與「閒置空間」保存與再利用等議題受到重視，文化資產保存也逐漸從單棟歷史建築擴張至整體街區的保存，但常因歷史街區牽涉的問題較為複雜，缺乏後續發展的機制策略，讓歷史街區的發展多半隨著規劃案的結束而日漸凋零，可見除了對硬體設施進行保存與維護外，更應重視人於街區內的生活樣貌以及軟體建設上的經營。從研究觀察發現，太平老街「騎樓」與地方民眾的生活方式有密不可分的關聯性，並反映出地方特有的文化特色，對歷史街區的發展有一定的重要性，因此以公共空間「公共性」與日常生活的建構探討「騎樓」對歷史街區的影響因素為何？ 本研究運用「自然觀察法」和「半結構式訪談法」的方式，藉由在自然情況下所產生之使用行為，探討太平老街「騎樓」的使用現況與問題，透過「半結構式訪談法」了解不同身分對於「公共空間」、「騎樓」認知與使用上的看法，將資料進行統整以分析太平老街「騎樓」的空間特質以及對歷史街區保存之影響因素。具體的研究工作包括下列三項：(1)對太平老街「騎樓」進行實質空間調查，建立環境現況之基本資料；(2)藉由訪談過程了解地方民眾對於「騎樓」的環境認知、使用經驗以及日常生活需求下的空間特性與特質；(3)透過相關計畫的實施與執行，了解太平老街「公共空間」、「騎樓」所面臨之實質問題。 最後研究結果發現，太平老街「騎樓」具有文化之延續性、地方感的塑造以及地方記憶與歸屬感之特質，但從「騎樓」的使用以及維護管理上逐漸和地方文化、社群產生脫節，致使公共空間「公共性」無法彰顯，而產生私有化與商業化的問題，這些問題雖可透過強制的法令規範來解決，但卻也會讓公共空間失去原有的歷史樣貌以及公共交流情形。對於太平老街「騎樓」不能只透過強制的規範手段進行改善，必須回復到早期地方共同體的概念，恢復舊有的生活樣貌並延續社群的集體記憶，才能進一步使歷史街區達到保存以及可持續性發展之可能性。
In recent years, issues about preservation and reuse of “historical buildings” and “unused space” have received much attention. Preservation of cultural heritage has been gradually extended from preservation of single historical buildings to preservation of the entire district. However, due to complex problems involved and a lack of mechanisms for subsequent development, many historical districts become deserted again after their development projects ended. Compared to preservation and maintenance of hardware facilities, preservation of the original lifestyles of local people and management of software facilities in historical districts are of higher importance. In Tai-ping Historic Street, “arcades” are closely connected to the lifestyles of local people and reflect unique characteristics of the local culture. Arcades are of considerable importance in this historical district. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of “arcades” on regeneration of historical districts based from the viewpoints of “publicness” and local people’s needs in daily life. Based on “naturalistic observation” and “semi-structured interview” methods, this study collected data about usage behavior in natural situations to investigate the current use of arcades in Tai-ping Historic Street. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect perceptions about public space and arcade from people of different statuses. The data were analyzed to find the spatial characteristics of arcades in Tai-ping Historic Street and their impact on the preservation of this historical district. The research procedure involved three major steps: (1) conduct a survey on the physical space of “arcades” in Tai-ping Historic Street to build the basic data of the environment; (2) conduct interviews with local people to collect perceptions about “arcades”, usage experiences, and spatial characteristics of arcades in their daily use; (3) collect problems about “public spaces” and “arcades” in Tai-ping Historic Street from related projects. Results indicated that the “arcades” in Tai-ping Historic Street have the functions of sustaining cultures, shaping a sense of localness, retaining local memories, and providing a sense of belonging. However, in terms of use and maintenance of arcades, local cultures and community are lagging behind, thus hindering the development of “publicness” of arcades and causing problems about privatization and commercialization of public spaces. Although these problems can be solved through enforcement of regulations, the original look of these public spaces may be lost and public exchange may occur. Hence, the arcade use problems in Tai-ping Historic Street cannot be improved simply through enforcement of regulations. The early concept of local community should be reverted so that the old lifestyle and the collective memory of the community can be retained. By this means, preservation, regeneration, and continuous development of historical districts can really be achieved. |
