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| 題名: | 中國食品安全制度的發展與挑戰：以毒奶粉事件為例 |
| 其他題名: | The Development and Challenge of the Food Safety Institution in the PRC: On the Case of China's poisoned-milk scandal |
| 作者: | 邱雯雯
Chiou, Wen-wen |
| 貢獻者: | 國際暨大陸事務學系亞太研究所碩士班
馬祥祐
Hsiang-yu Ma |
| 關鍵詞: | 毒奶粉事件;中國食品安全;《食品安全法》
China's poisoned-milk scandal;Food Safety Law;China's food safety |
| 日期: | 2011 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-03-02 16:02:57 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 2008年9月，中國大陸爆發自中華人民共和國成立以來最大規模的食品安全危機—「毒奶粉」事件。奶粉製造商三鹿集團所生產的一批嬰幼兒奶粉中，被發現含有化工原料「三聚氰胺」（Melamine），導致食用該奶粉的嬰兒罹患腎結石等病症。在中國政府介入調查後，此事件愈演愈烈，愈來愈多奶粉製造商的奶製品被驗出也含有三聚氰胺，引起民眾的極度恐慌。此事件不僅嚴重危害嬰幼兒的身體健康，造成強烈民怨，更撼動中共統治基礎。因此，本論文擬以毒奶粉事件為例，探討中國食品安全制度的建立與挑戰，藉以說明中國政府在面對風險時的作為。由此，本論文將聚焦於下列三個議題：1.毒奶粉事件為何爆發？中國政府怎麼因應處理？2.中國食品安全制度發展過程存在什麼問題？3.中國食品安全如何進行改革？ 本論文透過研究，得出下列結論：1.毒奶粉事件充分暴露中國食品安全制度中，法制不全、監管不力、市場失靈等諸多問題。2.中國政府在事件爆發後，雖緊急介入進行危機處理，有效止血停損，但全面翻修食品安全制度已刻不容緩。3.中國政府檢討當前食品安全各種缺失後，為建立食品安全有效機制，於是集結各方意見，制定《食品安全法》取代《食品衛生法》，並引進美、日先進國家的相關檢驗機制，以強化中國食品安全制度。 不過，毒奶粉事件使消費者信心嚴重受創，乳品企業產品滯銷，中國品牌信譽嚴重受損，一些國家（地區）甚至禁止進口中國生產的乳製品。事後中國政府雖積極追究相關責任，並尋求改善之道，而奶品業者也展開自清自救，但因含三聚氰胺問題奶粉直至今日仍無法完全銷毀，甚至還有問題奶粉改換包裝重新流入市場，想在短時間內恢復消費者對中國乳製品的信心，恐非易事。
The largest food safety crisis in the history of the People’s Republic of China, China’s poisoned-milk scandal, was erupted in September, 2008. Infant formula made by the Sanlu Group was found to contain melamine, a chemical that has been linked to kidney stones and other problems. After the Chinese government began an investigation, more and more infant formula and dairy products were found to be contaminated with melamine, which caused great public concerns. The contamination had not only seriously endangered consumer’s health, but also resulted in social unrest. This research used “China’s poisoned-milk scandal” as a case study to investigate the development and the challenges of China’s food safety regulation, and to further discuss how China would react when a crisis arise. The three major questions that were addressed are: 1. Why the “China’s poisoned-milk scandal” had broken out? 2. What were the problems during the development of China’s food safety system? 3. How could China’s food safety be improved? The conclusions of this study are: 1. The ＂China's poison-milk scandal＂ has exposed the problems in China's food safety system, such as the lack of standards, the inadequacy of supervision, and the failure of market mechanism. 2. Although the Chinese government has taken emergency measures after the incident and controlled the losses efficiently, the reform of the food safety legislation has to take place immediately. 3. In order to develop effective monitoring mechanism, China has passed the new “Food Safety Law” based on the results of reexamination and combines advanced technologies to developed a strengthened food production regulation. However, the “China poison-milk scandal” has severely damaged the trust of consumers, dramatically reduced sales of dairy products, and resulted in poor reputation of Chinese food products. Some of the countries and areas even banned on the import of dairy products from China. Even though the Chinese government has taken actions to seek improvements and dairy manufacturers have also make effort to fight sales decline, products tainted with melamine are still being reported. It is going to take time to restore consumers’ confidence with China’s dairy products. |
| 顯示於類別: | [國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-亞太研究碩士班
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