跨越視覺世界的藩籬─盲人的知覺現象學

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 人文學院 > 生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班) > 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班 > Item 987654321/21859

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題名:	跨越視覺世界的藩籬─盲人的知覺現象學
其他題名:	Beyond the limitation of the visible world: Phenomenology of the blind's perception
作者:	李翠鵑 Lee, Tsuey-jiuan
貢獻者:	生死學研究所龔卓軍 Jow-jiun Gong
關鍵詞:	盲;身體;知覺;現象學
日期:	2004
上傳時間:	2015-07-06 14:56:43 (UTC+8)
摘要:	這篇論文的研究旨在了解盲人失去視覺後，如何利用身體的其他知覺達到一種獨立實存的存在基礎，亦即從類似失能的狀態中重新找回有別於視覺世界的生存能力或是盲的世界中不得不面對的侷限性。　　　研究方向主要從觸覺、聽覺、空間知覺、時間知覺，以及我與他者的關係中去探討盲人在生活世界的存在性。而此篇論文的理論基礎，主要藉由梅洛龐蒂的知覺現象學出發，旁涉現象學部分學說。梅洛龐蒂以「身體－主體」的觀點來開展人與世界的聯結。對於盲人來說，在失去視覺與世界的直接接應下，「身體－主體」的體現或許更可闡釋一種盲人身體知覺的過程。因為，在身體的感官知覺中，視覺是最容易將外在世界客體化的身體介面。盲人沒有視覺的此種障礙，在善用其他知覺能力的同時，或許更能突顯「身體－主體」這樣的內涵。　　　底下將從本文的研究議題，簡單陳述研究內容：　　一．觸覺世界：當盲人失去視覺後，觸覺成了盲人最真實存在的一種知覺，對盲人來說，觸覺代替視覺成了可以學習、認識新事物的「工具」，也是盲人建構自我生活能力的基礎，許多外在事物的學習與探索，都經由觸覺而來。　　　二．聽覺世界：聽覺是盲人獲取外在訊息重要且立即的來源，盲人失去視覺後，聽覺是否真的比明眼人敏銳？事實上，這只是一種專注及生存本能的展現。然而聲音的特質是稍縱即逝的，因此，一個非單一脈絡下的聲音環境，盲人一種認知的意向弧會因而弱化，此時，相對地，聲音則成了訊息干擾的來源。　　　三．處境空間：盲人沒有了視覺，他們仍具有空間認知的能力，但這樣的空間必須是一種處境的空間，要有一個環境的參照點，藉由這樣的參照點他們才能輻射出更寬廣的空間。　　　四．時間脈絡：盲人的時間脈絡和明眼人其實沒有太大的差異性，但盲人尚有一種特殊的屬於心理經驗的敏銳時間感，這樣的時間知覺是在一種時空綜合的身體圖式中出現的。　　　五．在世界的存在：人我的關係，往往是複雜的，尤其盲人在一種盲的置身處境中常常有著更敏銳心思，也讓我與他者存在更多元的關係。除此，盲人的自主性往往在社會的刻板印象中遭到忽略。事實上，人都是獨立的個體，只有擁有獨立、自主的存在才能顯現自我存在的真實，盲人的世界也是一樣的。　　My thesis sets out to explore how our body develops other forms of perception as the foundation of existence when suffering from sightlessness, or, in other words, how the blind regain the ability of living through limited forms of perception.　 I will bring into focus by touching on the blind person’s intentionality of touching, hearing, spatiality, time, and the relationship between him/her and the others. A phenomenological approach was used here, and I will apply Merleau-Ponty’s concept, in Phenomenology of perception, to this thesis. In Merleau-Ponty’s view ,「body-subject」is the fundation connecting the human with the world. This concept might be a better way to realize how the blind is able to develop other forms of perception to carry on his/her life since the visible world often regards the other as an object contrasting to the invisible world. In such a way, the idea of 「body-subject」might be significant. 　 This thesis is laid out as following: 1. Touching: The most real perception for the blind. Replacing seeing, touching becomes the most important way for the blind to learn and know new things. It is also the main ability of living for the blind to explore the dark world.　 2. Hearing: The way for the blind to directly gain information. The thesis will try to find out whether or not the blind person’s ability of hearing is delicate than the one who can see. My answer is that the improvement of the sense of hearing of the blind is a result of concentration, an instinct of being alive. However, because the characteristic of sound is transient, the intentional-arc of the blind person’s recognition would be weakened when the source of sound is more than one. 　 3. Situational spatiality: The blind retains the ability of realizing the spatiality even though he/she loses sight. However, that space must be a situational spatiality which is able to cross-refer from the circumstance. Through this kind of reference, the blind can extend the perception of the spatiality. 　 4. Time: The texture of time of the blind is similar to the one who can see. And yet, she/he has a unique ability to sense time, which involves in psychic experience occurring in the corporeal schema of a spatial and temporal unity.　 5. Being-in-the-world: The relationship between the others and me is considered complicated. It is more true to the blind since he/she maybe more sensitive. Also, the autonomy of the blind is always neglected in the mainstream ideology. To sum up, everyone has his/her unique way to live and has the right to be recognized and respected. The blind is no exception.
顯示於類別:	[生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班)] 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班

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