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| 題名: | 園藝治療對高齡者身心靈健康之探討 |
| 其他題名: | Effecting of Horticultural Therapy on Elder's Body, Mind and Spirit Health |
| 作者: | 潘秋雲
PAN, CHIU-YUN |
| 貢獻者: | 自然生物科技學系自然療癒碩士班
陳秋媛
CHEN, CHIU-YUAN |
| 關鍵詞: | 高齡者身心靈健康;園藝治療
elderly physical, mental and spiritual well-beings;Horticultural therapy |
| 日期: | 2018 |
| 上傳時間: | 2018-12-20 14:24:48 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 背景及目的：隨著年紀的增長，高齡者面臨身身體功能退化、生活、人際互動、家庭結構等種種的改變，有些高齡者甚至開始對自我生命的意義與價值提出疑問，更加突顯高齡者身心靈健康的重要性。當高齡者情緒、心理的問題若無法獲得調適與解決，長期下來，反而會影響生理健康，甚至形成憂鬱症或是時常有自殺的念頭產生。園藝治療是指利用植物、園藝活動以及自然環境，使参與者透過從事和園藝相關活動的過程來促進參與者獲得社交、情緒、認知、身心健康與福祉的過程，以達到特定的治療目標。本研究旨在探討園藝治療對高齡者身心靈健康及園藝治療福祉效益之影響。 材料及方法：為平行二組前後測之類實驗設計，招募61 位年齡滿 60歲以上長者，分為實驗組(31 人)與對照組(30 人)，實驗組進行連續八週，每週一次，每次兩小時的園藝治療課程，評估工具為園藝治療福祉效益問卷及身心靈性健康量表，在介入前後進行調查。利用SPSS18.0 for Windows 及Excel 軟體進行統計分析，採用描述性資料、獨立t 檢定、卡方檢定及單因子共變數分析(one way ANCOVA)，事後比較以Friedman 檢定。顯著水準P 值設定為0.05，若P 值小於0.05表示具有統計上顯著差異。 結果：研究結果發現，經過八週的園藝治療後，兩組研究對象在「老人身心靈健康」分量表與「園藝治療福祉效益」後測的t 檢定皆達顯著水準(p < .05)，顯示園藝治療對於老人在「老人身心靈健康」分量表與「園藝治療福祉效益」有良好的成效。共變數分析結果，在排除「老人身心靈健康」分量表及「園藝治療福祉效益」之前測對後測分數之影響後，兩組研究對象在後測得分上有明顯的差異存在，實驗組的分數顯著高於對照組。許多高齡者透過與植物的互動，能提高接受醫療與復健治療的意願，雖然只是輔助治療，但卻是很好的復健方式之一，高齡者可透過與植物培養親密關係，能激發記憶與思考，喚醒對外在環境的覺察，進而呈現健康意識與幸福感，來改善高齡者的身、心、靈和諧發展。
Background and Purpose: For the elderly, aging not only means bodily function deterioration but it also brings various changes to their daily living, interpersonal interaction, and family structure. Some elderly people may even start wondering about the meaning and value of life. This type of concerns indicate that more attention should be placed on the physical, mental and spiritual health of elderly people. In fact, if the elderly's emotional or other psychological needs or issues are not properly handled, it will not only affect their physical health but in time may also lead to depression or even suicidal thoughts. Horticultural therapy refers to the use of horticultural activities related to plants, gardening, and the natural environment to attain a given therapeutic goal by improving participants' social, emotional, cognitive, physical, mental, and spiritual health and wellbeing. In this study, we explored the effects of horticultural therapy on the physical, mental, and spiritual health as well as the well-being of the elderly. Materials and Methods: A parallel two-group, pre-test and post-test study was conducted. A total of 61 elderly people of 60 years old or above was recruited and divided into two groups: the experimental group (N=31) and the control group (N=30). For the experimental group, a two-hour horticultural therapeutic class was given once a week for eight consecutive weeks. The Efficacy of Horticultural Therapy Evaluation Form and the Body, Mind, and Spiritual Health Scale for the Elderly were used before and after the therapeutic classes. Descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, the chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA were performed using SPSS 18.0 for Windows and Microsoft Excel, while the Friedman test was conducted for post-hoc comparisons. Results: This study revealed that after eight weeks of horticultural therapy, the experimental and control groups showed significant differences (t test, P < 0.05) in the scores from the Body, Mind, and Spiritual Health Scale for the Elderly and from the post-test of the Efficacy of Horticultural Therapy Evaluation Form. This finding indicates a positive effect of horticultural therapy on the physical, mental and spiritual health of the elderly. As for the covariate analysis, after eliminating the effects of the pre-test from the post-test scores in both questionnaires, significant differences were found between the two groups on the post-test scores. This study also showed that the elderly's interaction with plants can make them more willing to receive medical and rehabilitation treatments. Even though horticultural therapy is considered as a form of complementary medicine, it is nevertheless an excellent approach for rehabilitation purposes. For the elderly, developing a close relationship with plants is beneficial for stimulating their memory and thinking, as well as trigger their interests in the surrounding environment, which in turn promotes a balanced physical, mental, and spiritual development by boosting their health awareness and sense of well-being. |
| 顯示於類別: | [自然生物科技學系(自然療癒碩士班)] 博碩士論文-自然療癒碩士班
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