| 摘要: | 為減緩氣候變遷，台灣修訂溫室氣體管理法為氣候變遷因應法，並宣告 2050 年達到碳中和，依據美國環保署統計，農業碳排放約佔全體碳排放 24% 。本研究針對台灣地區 6 縣市共 15 處農企業場，對於農企業場所在生產、加工集貨及銷售等進行碳排放盤查及分析，以了解農業 生產過程的碳排放。首先針對常見農企業排放，包含固定式排放源、移動式排放源、逸散性排放源及間接排放等，以顯著性評估準則決定盤查邊界範圍及搜集類別，收集排放數據，並分析農企活動產生的碳排放，最後建議符合各場家的溫室氣體減量策略。研究結果發現，農企業活動的生命週期碳排放，生產部分，若採用溫室及自動澆灌系統，碳排放量較小，相對於採用大型農機具之農場則排放量增加。加工集貨部分，除了增加碳排放也會增加產值。銷售部分，因為農產品運輸及冷藏保存過程，特別是冷藏冷凍設施的逸散性排放源，以及所需的外購電力，排放量相對比其他農企活動高。
In order to mitigate climate change, Taiwan has revised its greenhouse gas management law to become the Climate Change Adaptation Act, and declared its goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. According to statistics from the US Environmental Protection Agency, agricultural carbon emissions account for about 24% of total carbon emissions. This study conducted a carbon emission inventory and analysis on 15 agricultural enterprises located in 6 counties and cities in Taiwan, focusing on their production, processing, distribution, and sales activities to understand the carbon emissions in the agricultural production process. Firstly, the common agricultural emissions, including fixed emission sources, mobile emission sources, and fugitive emission sources were evaluated based on significant assessment criteria to determine the scope and categories of the inventory, and emission data were collected. Then, the carbon emissions generated by agricultural activities were analyzed, and greenhouse gas reduction strategies that meet the needs of each enterprise were recommended. The study found that in the life cycle of agricultural enterprise activities, the carbon emissions in the production part are smaller if greenhouse and automatic irrigation systems are adopted,compared to farms that use large agricultural machinery. In the processing and distribution part, the increase in carbon emissions also leads to an increase in production value. In the sales part, due to the transportation and refrigeration of agricultural products, especially the fugitive emission sources from refrigeration and freezing facilities, as well as the required purchased electricity, the emissions are relatively higher compared to other agricultural activities. |
