由於2019年末的新冠肺炎疫情對金融業有非常大的影響，過去許多研究提出金融海嘯前後明顯對於台灣金融業資本適足率與營運績效有相當程度之影響，因此，本研究提出以新冠肺炎疫情為主軸，探討新冠肺炎疫情前後台灣上市銀行之逾期放款比率與資本適足率對經營績效之影響，以及樣本銀行對於新冠肺炎疫情的因應措施。本研究採用2007年1月到2022年12月之期間，台灣資產規模前五大之銀行逾期放款比率、資本適足率、資產報酬率、股東權益報酬率、每股盈餘的季資料，樣本資料來源為台灣經濟新報資料庫(TEJ)以及各家銀行公開揭露之財務報表，並運用橫斷面時間序列分析法來探討逾期放款比率與資本適足率對台灣上市銀行經營績效之影響。 本研究實證結果顯示在新冠肺炎疫情前資本適足率對資產報酬率呈現顯著性影響，但在新冠肺炎疫情後資本適足率對資產報酬率呈現無顯著性影響；在新冠肺炎疫情前資本適足率對每股盈餘呈現無顯著性影響，但在新冠肺炎疫情後資本適足率對每股盈餘呈現顯著性影響，另外，在新冠肺炎疫情前後逾期放款比率對本研究之經營績效皆有顯著性影響。本研究所得出之結果顯示在疫情前後資本適足率對於財務績效是有部分顯著之差異，研究樣本的五家銀行所顯示之結果在財務績效表現各家也各有差異。本研究希望能提供給台灣地區金融機構做為日後市場經營之參考。 There have an significant impact on financial industry resulted from the COVID-19 epidemic breaking Since the end of 2019. Many studies in the past have proposed that the impact came from financia crisis has influenced the capital adequacy ratio and operating performance of Taiwan's financial industry before-and-after financial tsunami. We examine the impact of the overdue loan ratio and capital adequacy ratio on Taiwan public-listed banks on operating performance before and after the pneumonia epidemic, and the response measures to the pneumonia epidemic. This research uses the quarterly data of the overdue loan ratio, capital adequacy ratio, return on assets, return on shareholders' equity, and earnings per share selected from the five large-sized banks in Taiwan from January 2007 to December 2022. Panel data is cited from Taiwan Economic News Database (TEJ) and the publicly disclosed financial statements of various banks, and uses cross-sectional time series analysis to explore the impact of overdue loan ratios and capital adequacy ratios on the operating performance of Taiwan public-listed banks. Based on our statistical analysis, the empirical results show that capital adequacy ratio has a significant impact on return on assets(ROA) before the COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic, though the capital adequacy ratio has no significant impact on return on assets(ROA) after the COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic. Furthermore, capital adequacy ratio has no significant impact on earnings per share(EPS), though after the COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic, capital adequacy ratio has a significant impact on earnings per share. In addition, ratio of overdue loans before and after the COVID-19 epidemic has a significant impact on Banks’ operating performance. The empirical results show that capital adequacy ratio has some significant differences in financial performance before-and-after the pneumonia epidemic, and the results shown in this research also have differences in financial performance to some extent. We expect that this study could provide important operating methods to Taiwan financial institutions as a reference in revising management methods to more efficient market operations in the future.
