本文乃以越南高台教為主要的研究對象，探討高台教之三期普渡與三教融合的教義思想。透過本文的研究，我們可以看出，高台教之教義思想深受中國民間教派的影響，特別是三期普渡與三教融合的教義思想。高台教視高台上帝為宇宙中最高的主宰，宇宙中的品彙萬物皆源於高台上帝的靈光。「天眼」則是高台教最高的象徵，一方面代表高台上帝的眼睛，另一方面代表著普羅大眾的真靈，因此高台教認為，人的性靈出自上帝的靈光，純善無惡。三期普渡是高台教重要的教義之一，高台教認為他們具有上天所賦予的神聖使命，救渡天下眾生，這樣的說法與中國民間教派雷同。高台教的宇宙觀受中國之「氣」思想與佛教的影響，因此他們認為宇宙終始生滅乃依成、住、壞、空的規則不斷循環。而在人觀上，高台教接受現代進化論的思想，依進化程度將人分成三等，並將世的物種分成八種，透過修行，物種也可以進化成人。有關高台教的三教融合思想，可從形式表現與教義觀察。在形式上，以黃色、藍色、紅色代表佛、道、儒的教旗，以及以缽盂、拂塵、春秋經象徵三教一源。高台教在三期普渡與三教融合的教義思想深受中國民間教派的影響，但也發展出屬於越南特色的信仰型態，透過本文的研究，將可提供研究民間教派的學者另一研究視野。 The study is to research Dao Cao Dai in Vietnam and investigate its doctrines of the Final Salvation of the Three Periods and the Syncretism of the Three Religions. Through this study, it can be seen that the doctrines of Dao Cao Dai is influenced by the Chinese popular religions, especially the Final Salvation of the Three Periods and the Syncretism of Three Religions. Dao Cao Dai regards “Cao Đài Tiên Ông” as the Creator of the Universe, the brilliant bright of the Creator is the source of all things in the world. “Thiên nhãn” is the holiest symbol of the eye of “Cao Đài Tiên Ông”, and is also the symbol of the human being’s spirit. On the other hand, Dao Cao Dai thinks everyone is purely benevolent because everyone is born by “Cao Đài Tiên Ông”. the Final Salvation of the Three Periods is the core doctrine of Dao Cao Dai, the believers think they have the holy mission from the Creator to save all people in the world, the statement is similar to Chinese popular religions. The cosmology of Dao Cal Dai is influenced by Chinese Qi philosophy and Buddhism. They believe the universe has a rule from beginning through ending. They accept the theory of evolution. They divide people into three grades and species into eight kinds. With the practice of moral teachings, all species could evolve to human beings. Regarding the Syncretism of the Three Religions in Dao Cao Dai, we could understand it by its forms and doctrines. For example — the forms, its flag is in yellow, blue and red which resepectively represent Buddhism, Taoist and Confucianism. Another form is the Buddhist priest's alms bowl, horsetail whisk and Annals, representing the Three Religions being a coherent one.The doctrines of the Final Salvation of the Three Periods and the Syncretism of the Three Religions in Dao Cao Dai are influenced by Chinese popular religions, but Dao Cao Dai has also developed its own style in Vietnam. The study will present another academic view about popular religions.
